Compounds useful for treating AIDS

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to compound Formula (I) wherein: Formula (II) means a pyridazine, a pyrimidine or a pyrazine group, R independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a group chosen among a CN group, a hydroxyl group, a COOR 1  group, a (C 1 -C 3 )fluoroalkyl group, a (C 1 -C 3 )fluoroalkoxy group, a NO 2  group, a NR 1 R 2  group, a (C 1 -C 4 )alkoxy group, a phenoxy group and a (C 1 -C 3 )alkyl group, said alkyl being optionally mono-substituted by a hydroxyl group, n is 1, 2 or 3, n is 1 or 2, R is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a group chosen among a (C 1 -C 3 )alkyl group, a hydroxyl group, a COOR 1  group, a NO 2  group, a NR 1 R 2  group, a morpholinyl or a morpholino group, a N-methylpiperazinyl group, a (C 1 -C 3 )fluoroalkyl group, a (C 1 -C 4 )alkoxy group and a CN group, Z is N or C, Y is N or C, X is N or C, W is N or C, T is N or C, U is N or C, for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS. Some of said compounds are new and also form part of the invention.

The invention relates to novel compounds for the preparation of compositions useful for the treatment of diseases resulting from changes in splicing processes.

Certain indole derivative compounds such as ellipticine derivatives and aza-ellipticine derivatives are already known as intercalating molecules for correcting dysfunctions in gene expression, notably in DNA replication. They have been more specifically described for treating diseases such as cancer, leukemia or AIDS (see in particular patents FR 2 627 493, FR 2 645 861, FR 2 436 786).

Concerning current treatments for AIDS, the various approaches aimed at reducing viral load in patients infected by HIV utilize molecules intended to inhibit the enzymatic activity of viral reverse transcriptase or of the protease involved in virus protein maturation. Regarding reverse transcriptase inhibitors, these can be nucleosidic (NRTIs), non-nucleosidic (NNRTIs) or nucleotidic in nature. The purpose of using these compounds is to prevent a DNA copy of the retroviral genome from being produced and, consequently, from being integrated into the genome of the host cell. Protease inhibitors (PIs) interfere with the proper maturation of viral proteins and cause the production of incomplete particles with altered infectious capacities. There is another type of anti-retroviral compound used for its ability to prevent viruses from entering the cell. These entry inhibitors can be either peptides that interfere with the fusion of viral glycoproteins gp41 or gp120 with the membrane of CD4 cells or molecules that target HIV cellular co-receptors CCR5 and CXCR4. The absence of cellular proteins resembling HIV integrase has also been exploited to develop novel anti-HIV molecules that inhibit this enzymatic activity. Although a number of integrase inhibitors are in the clinical trial phase, no molecule is yet available on the market.

The intracellular splicing process consists of eliminating introns in pre-messenger RNAs to produce mature messenger RNAs that can be used by the translation mechanism of the cell (SHARP, Cell, vol. 77, p. 805-815, 1994). In the case of alternative splicing, the same precursor can be the source of messenger RNAs coding for proteins with distinct functions (BLACK, Annu. Rev. Biochem. vol. 72, p. 291-336, 2003). The precise selection of 5′ and 3′ splicing sites is thus a mechanism that generates diversity and that can lead to the regulation of gene expression according to the type of tissue or during the development of an organism. The factors involved in this selection include a family of proteins called SR, characterized by the presence of one or two RNA recognition motifs (RRM) and a domain rich in arginine and serine residues called an RS domain (MANLEY & TACKE, Genes Dev., vol. 10, p. 1569-1579, 1996). By binding to short exon or intron sequences of the pre-mRNA, called ESE (exonic splicing enhancer) or ISE (intronic splicing enhancer), SR proteins are able to activate, in a dose-dependant manner, sub-optimal splicing sites and to enable the inclusion of exons (GRAVELEY, RNA, vol. 6, p. 1197-1211, 2000). The activity of an SR protein in alternative splicing is specific insofar as the inactivation of the corresponding gene is lethal (WANG et al., Mol. Cell, vol. 7, p. 331-342, 2001).

Sequencing of the human genome and analysis of EST (expressed sequence tag) banks has revealed that 65% of genes are expressed in the form of alternatively spliced variants (EWING & GREEN, Nat. Genet., vol. 25, p. 232-234, 2000; JOHNSON et al., Science, vol. 302, p. 2141-2144, 2003). This mechanism is thus a favored target of modifications that can affect the factors involved in regulating splicing and of mutations that affect the sequences necessary for this regulation. At present, it is estimated that roughly 50% of the point mutations responsible for genetic diseases induce aberrant splicing. These mutations can interfere with splicing by inactivating or creating splicing sites, but also by modifying or generating regulating elements such as splicing enhancers or splicing silencers in a particular gene (CARTEGNI et al., Nat. Rev. Genet., vol. 3, p. 285-298, 2002; TAZI et al., TIBS, vol. 40, p. 469-478, 2005).

The strategies currently developed to correct these splicing defects rest on the use of various types of molecules (TAZI et al., cited above, 2005).

One strategy aimed at developing novel molecules to correct or eliminate abnormal splicing, for example, rests on the overexpression of proteins that interfere with this type of splicing (NISSIM-RAFINIA et al., Hum. Mol. Genet., vol. 9, p. 1771-1778, 2000; HOFINANN et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., vol. 97, p. 9618-9623, 2000).

Other strategies rest on the use of antisense oligonucleotides (SAZANI et al., Nat. Biotechnol., vol. 20, p. 1228-1233, 2002; SAZANI & KOLE, Prog. Mol. Subcell. Biol., vol. 31, p. 217-239, 2003) or of PNA (CARTEGNI et al., Nat. Struct. Biol., vol. 10, p. 120-125, 2003) enabling, respectively, the inhibition or activation of a splicing event.

Yet another strategy rests on the identification of compounds that influence the splicing efficiency of the pre-mRNA of interest (ANDREASSI et al., Hum. Mol. Genet., vol. 10, p. 2841-2849, 2001).

Lastly, a strategy based on the use of trans-splicing to replace mutant exons has been described (LIU et al., Nat. Biotechnol., vol. 20, p. 47-52, 2002).

One of the disadvantages of the developed strategies cited above to correct or eliminate abnormal splicing is their production cost. Indeed, the cost of producing antisense oligonucleotides that must be modified to improve their stability, and that of PNA molecules, is high.

Another disadvantage of the developed strategies cited above is that they require the use of expression vectors, such as, for example, for the strategy based on the use of trans-splicing.

International application WO05023255, under French priority of applications FR0310460 and FR0400973, filed by the Applicant, disclosed the use of indole derivatives to treat diseases related to the pre-messenger RNA splicing process in the cell.

Thus it was recently shown that certain indole derivatives prove particularly effective in treating metastatic cancer and in treating AIDS (BAKKOUR et al., PLoS Pathogens, vol. 3, p. 1530-1539, 2007).

However, the compounds described have a flat structure with four rings that have the disadvantage of intercalating between DNA bases and can thus lead to cellular toxicity.

In order to minimize the risk that these indole derivatives intercalate between DNA bases, the inventors developed novel compounds that are particularly effective in treating diseases related to the splicing process, but which, in a surprising manner, have a cellular toxicity that is clearly less than the indole derivatives of the prior art. In addition, these compounds are able to selectively inhibit certain splicing events.

According to a first aspect, a subject-matter of the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I)

wherein:

means an aromatic ring wherein V is C or N and when V is N, V is in ortho, meta or para of Z, i.e. forms respectively a pyridazine, a pyrimidine or a pyrazine group,

R independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a group chosen among a —CN group, a hydroxyl group, a —COOR₁ group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkoxy group, a —NO₂ group, a —NR₁R₂ group, a (C₁-C₄)alkoxy group, a phenoxy group and a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, said alkyl being optionally mono-substituted by a hydroxyl group,

R₁ and R₂ are independently a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group,

n is 1, 2 or 3,

n′ is 1 or 2,

R′ is a hydrogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a —COOR₁ group, a —NO₂ group, a —NR₁R₂ group, a morpholinyl or a morpholino group, a N-methylpiperazinyl group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group, a (C₁-C₄)alkoxy group and a —CN group,

R″ is a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₄)alkyl group,

Z is N or C,

Y is N or C,

X is N or C,

W is N or C,

T is N or C,

U is N or C,

and wherein at most four of the groups V, T, U, Z, Y, X and W are N,

and at least one of the groups T, U, Y, X and W is N,

or anyone of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt,

for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to one aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) as defined above, wherein Z is N, V is C, Y is N, X is C, T is C, U is C and W is C, for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) as defined above, wherein Z is C, V is C, Y is N, X is C, T is C, U is C and W is C, for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) as defined above, wherein Z is N, V is C, Y is C, X is N, T is C, U is C and W is C, for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) as defined above, wherein Z is N, V is C, Y is C, X is C, T is C, U is C and W is N, for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) as defined above, wherein Z is N, V is N and is in para of Z, Y is N, X is C, T is C, U is C and W is C, for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) as defined above, wherein Z is C, V is N and is in para of Z, Y is C, X is N, T is C, U is C and W is C, for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) as defined above, wherein Z is C, V is N and is in meta of Z and is in para of the bond linked to NR″, Y is N, X is C, T is C, U is C and W is C, for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) as defined above, wherein Z is C, V is N and is in meta of Z and is in para of the bond linked to NR″, Y is C, X is N, T is C, U is C and W is C, for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) as defined above, wherein Z is C, V is C, Y is C, X is N, T is C, U is C and W is C, for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) as defined above, wherein Z is C, V is C, Y is N, X is N, T is C, U is C and W is C, for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) as defined above, wherein Z is N, V is N and is in meta of Z and in ortho of the bond linked to NR″, Y is N, X is C, T is C, U is C and W is C, for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) as defined above, wherein Z is N, V is N and is in para of Z, Y is C, X is C, T is C, U is C and W is N, for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) as defined above, wherein Z is N, V is N and is in para of Z, Y is C, X is N, T is C, U is C and W is C, for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) as defined above, wherein Z is N, V is C, Y is N, X is N, T is C, U is C and W is C, for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) as defined above, wherein Z is N, V is N and is in meta of Z and is in ortho of the bond linked to NR″, Y is N, X is N, T is C, U is C and W is C, for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) as defined above, wherein Z is C, V is C, Y is C, X is C, T is N, U is C and W is C, for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) as defined above, wherein Z is N, V is C, Y is C, X is C, T is N, U is C and W is C, for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) as defined above, wherein Z is N, V is C, Y is C, X is C, T is C, U is N and W is C, for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

The compounds of the invention may exist in the form of free bases or of addition salts with pharmaceutically acceptable acids.

Suitable physiologically acceptable acid addition salts of compounds of formula (I) include hydrobromide, tartrate, citrate, trifluoroacetate, ascorbate, hydrochloride, tartrate, triflate, maleate, mesylate, formate, acetate and fumarate.

The compounds of formula (I) and or salts thereof may form solvates (e.g. hydrates) and the invention includes all such solvates.

In the context of the present invention, the term:

-   -   “halogen” is understood to mean chlorine, fluorine, bromine, or         iodine, and in particular denotes chlorine, fluorine or bromine,     -   “(C₁-C₃)alkyl” as used herein respectively refers to C₁-C₃         normal, secondary or tertiary saturated hydrocarbon. Examples         are, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, 1-propyl, 2-propyl,     -   “(C₁-C₃)alkoxy” as used herein respectively refers to         O—(C₁-C₃)alkyl moiety, wherein alkyl is as defined above.         Examples are, but are not limited to, methoxy, ethoxy,         1-propoxy, 2-propoxy,     -   “fluoroalkyl group” and “fluoroalkoxy group” refers respectively         to alkyl group and alkoxy group as above-defined, said groups         being substituted by at least one fluorine atom. Examples are         perfluoroalkyl groups, such as trifluoromethyl or         perfluoropropyl, and     -   “patient” may extend to humans or mammals, such as cats or dogs.

According to one preferred aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) as defined above, wherein Z is N, V is C, Y is N, X is C, T is C, U is C and W is C, for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another preferred aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) as defined above, wherein Z is C, V is C, Y is N, X is C, T is C, U is C and W is C, for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another preferred aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) as defined above, wherein Z is N, V is C, Y is C, X is N, T is C, U is C and W is C, for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another preferred aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) as defined above, wherein Z is N, V is N and is in para of Z, Y is N, X is C, T is C, U is C and W is C, for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another preferred aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) as defined above, wherein Z is N, V is C, Y is N, X is N, T is C, U is C and W is C, for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

Another object of the present invention relates to a compound of the following formula (I′):

wherein:

X1, X2 and X3 independently represent a nitrogen atom, or a CR8 group, at least one of X1 and X2 being a nitrogen atom;

R8 represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom, a hydroxyl, alkyl, trifluoroalkyl, ester, ether, such as a methoxy or trifluoromethoxy group, or benzyl, optionally substituted, a nitro or a cyano group, preferably R8 represents a hydrogen atom,

when a ring A, defined below, is in position a, X4 represents a nitrogen atom or a CR8 group, and when a ring A is in position b, X4 represents a carbon atom part of the ring A,

R1, R2, R3 and R5 independently represent a hydrogen or a halogen atom, an alkyl, a trifluoroalkyl group, ether, such as a methoxy or trifluoromethoxy group, or benzyl, optionally substituted, a nitro or a cyano group.

when the ring A is at position b, R4 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an alkyl, a trifluoroalkyl, ester, ether group, such as a methoxy or trifluoromethoxy group, or benzyl, optionally substituted, and when the ring A is at position a, R4 is a carbon atom part of the ring A,

R10 represents a carbon atom part of ring A,

R6 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group,

A represents a ring at position a or b of formula I, said ring A corresponding to:

wherein:

R7 represents a hydrogen, or halogen atom or an alkyl, hydroxyl or amine group which can be linear or branched and/or unsaturated and optionally substituted,

pharmaceutically acceptable salts of said compounds, isomers thereof and/or mixtures of the same,

with the exception of the following compound:

“Halogen atom” means the group comprising F, Cl, Br and I, preferably said halogen atom is a chlorine atom.

“Unsaturated” means that the group comprises at least one double bond.

All the compounds disclosed in the examples are in the scope of the present invention.

Preferably, X1 represents a CR8 group when X2 represents a nitrogen group, and

X2 represents a CR8 group when X1 represents a nitrogen group.

Preferably, at least one of X3 and X4 is a nitrogen atom when the cycle A is in position a.

Preferably X3 and X4 are different, and even more preferably X3 represents a CR8 group when X2 represents a nitrogen group or a and X4 represents a CR8 group when X1 represents a nitrogen group.

Preferably, R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methoxy group.

Preferably, R2, R3, R4 and R5 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom or an alkyl, or benzyl, optionally substituted.

Preferably, R4 represents a hydrogen atom.

Preferably, R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a C1 to C4 alkyl group, preferably a methyl.

Preferably, R3, R5 and R6 independently represent a hydrogen atom.

Preferably, R7 represents a hydrogen, or halogen atom, more preferably a hydrogen or a chlorine atom.

Preferably, the ring A is attached at position a or b of the compound of formula I via the carbons numbered 1 and 2 in ring A.

Preferably, when the ring A is at position a, R4 is the carbon atom numbered 2 of the ring A, more preferably R4 is the carbon atom numbered 2 of the ring A and R10 is the carbon numbered 1.

Preferably, when a ring A is in position b, X4 is the carbon atom numbered 1 of the ring A, more preferably, X4 is the carbon atom numbered 1 of the ring A and R10 is the carbon numbered 2.

Preferably, the compound as described above does not include the following compounds:

-   5,8-Dimethyl-6-(pyridin-2-ylamino)-2H-isoquinolin-1-one

-   5,8-diméthyl-6-(3 methoxy-pyridin-2-ylamino)-isoquinolin-1-one

-   5,8-Dimethyl-6-(pyridin-2-ylamino)-2H-isoquinolin-1-one

Advantageously, the compound of formula I is chosen among the group comprising:

-   Pyridin-4-yl-quinolin-3-yl-amine; compound (121) of table I

-   (8-Chloro-quinolin-2-yl)-(4-methyl-pyridin-2-yl)-amine; compound (6)     of table I

-   (3-Methoxy-pyridin-2-yl)-quinolin-3-yl-amine; compound (10) of table     I; and

-   Isoquinolin-5-yl-(3-methoxy-pyridin-2-yl)-amine.

According to a particular embodiment, an additional subject-matter of the present invention is a compound of formula (Ia)

wherein:

R independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a —CN group, a hydroxyl group, a —COOR₁ group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group, a —NO₂ group, a —NR₁R₂ group and a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group,

R″ is as defined above and is advantageously a hydrogen atom,

n is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

n′ is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

R′ is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a —NO₂ group, a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group and a —NR₁R₂ group,

R₁ and R₂ are a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt,

for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another particular embodiment, an additional subject-matter of the present invention is a compound of formula (Ib)

wherein:

R independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a —NR₁R₂ group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkoxy group, a —NO₂ group, a phenoxy group and a (C₁-C₄)alkoxy group,

R₁ and R₂ are independently a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group,

R″ is as defined above and is advantageously a hydrogen atom,

n is as defined above and is preferably 1 or 2,

n′ is as defined above and is preferably 1,

R′ is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group and a (C₁-C₄)alkoxy group,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt,

for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another particular embodiment, an additional subject-matter of the present invention is a compound of formula (Ic)

wherein:

R independently represent a hydrogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group, a —NR₁R₂ group, a —COOR₁ group, a —NO₂ group and a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group,

R″ is as defined above and is advantageously a hydrogen atom,

n is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

n′ is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

R′ is a hydrogen atom,

R₁ and R₂ are independently a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt,

for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another particular embodiment, an additional subject-matter of the present invention is a compound of formula (Id)

wherein:

R independently represent a hydrogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group and a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group,

R″ is as defined above and is advantageously a hydrogen atom,

n is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

n′ is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

R′ is a hydrogen atom,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt,

for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another particular embodiment, an additional subject-matter of the present invention is a compound of formula (Ie)

wherein:

R represents a hydrogen atom,

R″ is as defined above and is advantageously a hydrogen atom,

n is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

n′ is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

R′ is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group and a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt,

for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another particular embodiment, an additional subject-matter of the present invention is a compound of formula (If)

wherein:

R represents a hydrogen atom,

R″ is as defined above and is advantageously a hydrogen atom,

n is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

n′ is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

R′ is a hydrogen atom,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt,

for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another particular embodiment, an additional subject-matter of the present invention is a compound of formula (Ig)

wherein:

R represents a hydrogen atom,

R″ is as defined above and is advantageously a hydrogen atom,

n is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

n′ is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

R′ is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt,

for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another particular embodiment, an additional subject-matter of the present invention is a compound of formula (Ih)

wherein:

R represents a hydrogen atom,

R″ is as defined above and is advantageously a hydrogen atom,

n is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

n′ is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

R′ is a hydrogen atom,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt,

for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another particular embodiment, an additional subject-matter of the present invention is a compound of formula (Ii)

wherein:

R independently represent a hydrogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkoxy group and a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group,

R″ is as defined above and is advantageously a hydrogen atom,

n is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

n′ is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

R′ is a hydrogen atom,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt,

for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another particular embodiment, an additional subject-matter of the present invention is a compound of formula (Ij)

wherein:

R independently represent a hydrogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkoxy group and a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group,

R″ is as defined above and is advantageously a hydrogen atom,

n is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

n′ is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

R′ is a hydrogen atom,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt,

for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another particular embodiment, an additional subject-matter of the present invention is a compound of formula (Ik)

wherein:

R represents a hydrogen atom,

R″ is as defined above and is advantageously a hydrogen atom,

n is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

n′ is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

R′ is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt,

for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another particular embodiment, an additional subject-matter of the present invention is a compound of formula (II)

wherein:

R represents a hydrogen atom,

R″ is as defined above and is advantageously a hydrogen atom,

n is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

n′ is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

R′ is a hydrogen atom,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt,

for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another particular embodiment, an additional subject-matter of the present invention is a compound of formula (Im)

wherein:

R represents a hydrogen atom,

R″ is as defined above and is advantageously a hydrogen atom,

n is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

n′ is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

R′ is a hydrogen atom,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt,

for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another particular embodiment, an additional subject-matter of the present invention is a compound of formula (Io)

wherein:

R independently represent a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom or a group chosen among, a —NO₂ group, a —CN group and a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, said alkyl being optionally mono-substituted by a hydroxyl group,

R″ is as defined above and is advantageously a hydrogen atom,

n is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

n′ is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

R′ is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt,

for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another particular embodiment, an additional subject-matter of the present invention is a compound of formula (Ip)

wherein:

R represents a hydrogen atom,

R″ is as defined above and is advantageously a hydrogen atom,

n is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

n′ is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

R′ is a hydrogen atom,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt,

for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another particular embodiment, an additional subject-matter of the present invention is a compound of formula (Iq)

wherein:

R independently represent a hydrogen atom, a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group or a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkoxy group,

R″ is as defined above and is advantageously a hydrogen atom,

n is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

n′ is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

R′ is a hydrogen atom or a group chosen among a —NR₁R₂ group, a N-methylpiperazinyl group, a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group and a morpholino group,

R₁ and R₂ are independently a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt,

for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another particular embodiment, an additional subject-matter of the present invention is a compound of formula (Ir)

wherein:

R independently represent a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group,

R″ is as defined above and is advantageously a hydrogen atom,

n is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

n′ is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

R′ is a hydrogen atom or a group chosen among a —NR₁R₂ group, a morpholino group and a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group,

R₁ and R₂ are independently a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt,

for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another particular embodiment, an additional subject-matter of the present invention is a compound of formula (Iee)

wherein:

R independently represent a hydrogen atom, a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group or a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group,

R″ is as defined above and is advantageously a hydrogen atom,

n is as defined above and is advantageously 1,

n′ is as defined above and is advantageously 2,

R′ is a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt,

for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

Among the previous defined families of compounds of formulae (Ia) to (Iee), some are more particularly preferred for their use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS. These preferred compounds particularly belong to formulae (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (Ie) and (Io), as defined above or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salts.

Accordingly the present invention further relates to a compound of formula (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (Ie) and (Io), as defined above, for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

Thus, according to a more particular embodiment, the present invention particularly focuses on a compound of formula (Ia)

wherein:

R independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group, a hydroxyl group, a —CN group, a-COOH group and a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group,

R″ is as defined above and more preferably is a hydrogen atom,

n is as defined above and more preferably is 1,

n′ is as defined above,

R′ is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a —NO₂ group or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt,

for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

Still according to this more particular embodiment, the present invention more preferably focuses on compounds of formula (Ia′),

wherein,

R independently represent a hydrogen atom, a —CN group, a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group, a halogen atom or a hydroxyl group,

R′ is as defined in formula (Ia) and is preferably a halogen, a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group or a NO₂ group,

R″ is a hydrogen atom,

n is 1 or 2

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt,

for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another more particular embodiment, the present invention particularly focuses on a compound of formula (Ib)

wherein:

R independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a group chosen among a (C₁-C₄)alkyl group, a —NR₁R₂ group, a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group and a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkoxy group,

R₁ and R₂ are independently a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group,

R″ is as defined above and more preferably is a hydrogen atom,

n is as defined above,

n′ is as defined above,

R′ is a hydrogen atom, halogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt,

for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

Still according to this more particular embodiment, the present invention more preferably focuses on compounds of formula (Ib′),

wherein:

R independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkoxy group,

R″ is as defined above and more preferably is a hydrogen atom,

n is as defined above and more preferably is 1,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt,

for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another more particular embodiment, the present invention particularly focuses on a compound of formula (Ic)

wherein:

R independently represent a hydrogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group, a —NO₂ group, a —NR₁R₂ group and a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group,

R₁ and R₂ are independently a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group,

R″ is as defined above and more preferably is a hydrogen atom,

n is as defined above and more preferably is 1,

n′ is as defined above,

R′ is a hydrogen atom,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt,

for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to another more particular embodiment, the present invention particularly focuses on a compound of formula (Ie)

wherein:

R represents a hydrogen atom,

R″ is as defined above and more preferably is a hydrogen atom,

n is as defined above and more preferably is 1,

n′ is as defined above,

R′ is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt,

for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating

According to another more particular embodiment, the present invention particularly focuses on a compound of formula (Io)

wherein:

R independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group and a —NO₂ group,

R″ is as defined above and more preferably is a hydrogen atom,

n is 1, 2 or 3,

n′ is as defined above,

R′ is a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt,

for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

In a particular embodiment, the present invention relates to a compound of formula (Ia), (Ic) or (Io) as defined above or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the compound for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS, is chosen from:

-   (1) (8-Chloro-quinolin-2-yl)-pyridin-2-yl-amine -   (2) 2-(Quinolin-2-ylamino)-isonicotinic acid -   (3) (4-Methyl-pyridin-2-yl)-quinolin-2-yl-amine -   (4) Pyridin-2-yl-quinolin-2-yl-amine -   (5) 2-(8-Chloro-quinolin-2-ylamino)-isonicotinic acid -   (6) (8-Chloro-quinolin-2-yl)-(4-methyl-pyridin-2-yl)-amine -   (7) 6-(Quinolin-2-ylamino)-nicotinonitrile -   (8) Quinolin-2-yl-(4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-amine -   (9) Pyridin-2-yl-quinolin-3-yl-amine -   (10) (3-Methoxy-pyridin-2-yl)-quinolin-3-yl-amine -   (11) Quinolin-3-yl-(5-trifluoromethyl-pyridin-2-yl)-amine -   (12) (5-Nitro-pyridin-2-yl)-quinolin-3-yl-amine -   (13) (5-Methyl-pyridin-2-yl)-quinolin-3-yl-amine -   (14) 2-(Quinolin-3-ylamino)-isonicotinic acid -   (15) Quinolin-6-yl-(5-trifluoromethyl-pyridin-2-yl)-amine -   (16) (6-Methyl-pyridin-2-yl)-quinolin-6-yl-amine -   (17) N-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (18) 8-chloro-N-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (19) 4-methyl-N-(pyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (20) 4-methyl-N-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (21) 3-methyl-N-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (22) 3-methyl-N-(pyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (23) 6-((4-methylquinolin-2-yl)amino)nicotinonitrile -   (24) 6-((3-methylquinolin-2-yl)amino)nicotinonitrile -   (25) 6-chloro-N-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (26) 6-chloro-N-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (27) 4-methyl-N-(5-nitropyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (28) N-(3-nitropyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (29) 8-chloro-N-(3-nitropyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (30) 2-((4-methylquinolin-2-yl)amino)nicotinonitrile -   (31) N-(3-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (32) N-(5-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (33) 2-(quinolin-2-ylamino)isonicotinonitrile -   (34) N-(5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (35) 8-chloro-N-(3-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (36) 8-chloro-N-(5-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (37) 8-chloro-N-(5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (38) N-(3-methoxypyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (39) N-(5-nitropyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (40) 6-((8-chloroquinolin-2-yl)amino)nicotinonitrile -   (41) N-(5-fluoropyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (42) N-(6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (43) 8-chloro-N-(5-fluoropyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (44) 2-((8-chloroquinolin-2-yl)amino)nicotinic acid -   (45) 4-methyl-N-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (46) 3-methyl-N-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (47) 5-cyano-2-(quinolin-2-ylamino)pyridin-1-ium chloride -   (48) 2-((8-chloroquinolin-2-yl)amino)-4-methylpyridin-1-ium chloride -   (49) 8-chloro-N-(4-ethylpyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (50) 8-chloro-N-(6-ethylpyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (51) 8-chloro-N-(4,6-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (52) 6-((8-chloroquinolin-2-yl)amino)-2-methylnicotinonitrile -   (53) 8-chloro-N-(4-chloropyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (54) 8-methyl-N-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (55) N-(5-bromo-4-methylpyridin-2-yl)-8-chloroquinolin-2-amine -   (56) 8-chloro-N-(3-ethyl-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (57) 8-fluoro-N-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (58) 8-bromo-N-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (59) methyl 6-(quinolin-2-ylamino)nicotinate -   (60) methyl 6-[(8-chloroquinolin-2-yl)amino]pyridine-3-carboxylate -   (61) methyl 6-[(3-methylquinolin-2-yl)amino]pyridine-3-carboxylate -   (62) methyl 2-[(8-chloroquinolin-2-yl)amino]pyridine-3-carboxylate -   (63) 8-methoxy-N-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (64) N-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)-5-nitroquinolin-2-amine -   (65) 2-N-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinoline-2,8-diamine -   (66) N-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)-5-aminoquinolin-2-amine -   (67) methyl 6-[(4-methylquinolin-2-yl)amino]pyridine-3-carboxylate -   (68) 8-chloro-N-[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]quinolin-2-amine -   (69) 2-[(8-chloroquinolin-2-yl)amino]pyridin-3-ol -   (70) 8-chloro-N-[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]quinolin-2-amine -   (71) 6-chloro-N-(5-fluoropyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (72) N-(6-ethylpyridin-2-yl)-3-methylquinolin-2-amine -   (73) N-(5-fluoropyridin-2-yl)-3-methylquinolin-2-amine -   (74) 3-methyl-N-[5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]quinolin-2-amine -   (75) 4-N-(8-chloroquinolin-2-yl)-1-N,1-N-dimethylbenzene-1,4-diamine -   (76) N-(4-methoxyphenyl)quinolin-2-amine -   (77) 8-chloro-N-(4-methoxyphenyl)quinolin-2-amine -   (78) 4-methyl-N-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine -   (79) N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methylquinolin-2-amine -   (80) 3-methyl-N-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine -   (81) 1-N,1-N-dimethyl-4-N-(3-methylquinolin-2-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine -   (82) N-[2-methyl-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine -   (83) N-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine -   (84) N-[2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine -   (85) N-(4-nitrophenyl)quinolin-2-amine -   (86) N-(3-fluorophenyl)quinolin-2-amine -   (87) 8-chloro-N-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine -   (88) 8-chloro-N-(3-fluorophenyl)quinolin-2-amine -   (89) 2-{[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]amino}quinolin-1-ium chloride -   (90) 8-chloro-N-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine -   (91)     3-methyl-N-[2-methyl-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine -   (92) 3-methyl-N-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine -   (93) 3-methyl-N-[2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine -   (94)     8-chloro-N-[2-methyl-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine -   (95) 3-methyl-2-{[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]amino}quinolin-1-ium     chloride -   (96) 6-chloro-N-(4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)quinolin-2-amine -   (97) 4-methyl-2-{[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]amino}quinolin-1-ium     chloride -   (98) 8-bromo-N-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine -   (99) 8-fluoro-N-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine -   (100) 8-methyl-N-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine -   (101) N-(4-butoxyphenyl)-8-chloroquinolin-2-amine -   (102) N-(4-phenoxyphenyl)quinolin-2-amine -   (103) 8-methoxy-N-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine -   (104)     8-chloro-N-[3-chloro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine -   (105) N-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinolin-3-amine -   (106) N-(3-nitropyridin-2-yl)quinolin-3-amine -   (107) N-(5-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinolin-6-amine -   (108) N-(3-methoxypyridin-2-yl)quinolin-6-amine -   (109) 6-chloro-N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (110) 8-bromo-N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (111) 8-methyl-N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (112) 8-chloro-N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (113) N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (114) 4-methyl-N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (115) 3-methyl-N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (116) 8-fluoro-N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (117) 8-methoxy-N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (118) N-(pyridin-3-yl)quinolin-3-amine -   (119) 8-chloro-N-(pyridin-4-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (120) N-(pyridin-4-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (121) N-(pyridin-4-yl)quinolin-3-amine -   (122) N-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-3-amine -   (123) N-(4-methoxyphenyl)quinolin-3-amine -   (124) N-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinoxalin-2-amine -   (125) N-[2-methyl-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinoxalin-2-amine -   (126) N-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinoxalin-2-amine -   (127) N-[2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinoxalin-2-amine -   (128) N-(pyrimidin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (129) 8-chloro-N-(pyrimidin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (130) 4-methyl-N-(pyrimidin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (131) N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-6-amine -   (132) N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-3-amine -   (133) 6-methyl-N-(naphthalen-2-yl)pyridin-2-amine -   (134) N-(naphthalen-2-yl)pyridin-2-amine -   (135) N-(pyridin-2-yl)quinoxalin-2-amine -   (136) N-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinoxalin-2-amine -   (137) 6-(quinoxalin-2-ylamino)pyridine-3-carbonitrile -   (138) N-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinoxalin-2-amine -   (139) N-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)quinoxalin-2-amine -   (140) N-(3,5-dichloro-4-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinoxalin-2-amine -   (141) N-(4-methyl-3-nitropyridin-2-yl)quinoxalin-2-amine -   (142) N-(pyrimidin-2-yl)quinoxalin-2-amine -   (143)     4-N,4-N-dimethyl-7-N-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinoline-4,7-diamine -   (144)     4-(morpholin-4-yl)-N-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-7-amine -   (145) 4-methoxy-N-(pyridin-2-yl)quinolin-7-amine -   (146) 4-methoxy-N-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinolin-7-amine -   (147)     4-N,4-N-dimethyl-7-N-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinoline-4,7-diamine -   (148) 5,8-dimethyl-N-(5-methylpyridin-2-yl)isoquinolin-6-amine -   (149)     5,8-dimethyl-N-(5-trifluoromethylpyridin-2-yl)isoquinolin-6-amine -   (150) N-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)-8-nitroquinolin-2-amine -   (151) 6-chloro-N-(6-ethylpyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (152) 6-chloro-N-(5-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine -   (153) 6-chloro-N-[5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]quinolin-2-amine -   (154) N2-(8-chloroquinolin-2-yl)-4-methylpyridine-2,3-diamine -   (155) N-(4-butoxyphenyl)-3-methylquinolin-2-amine -   (156)     4-N-(6-chloroquinolin-2-yl)-1-N,1-N-dimethylbenzene-1,4-diamine -   (157) 8-chloro-N-(3-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)quinolin-2-amine -   (158)     N1-(8-chloroquinolin-2-yl)-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzene-1,2-diamine -   (159) N-(3-aminopyridin-2-yl)quinolin-3-amine -   (160) 6-chloro-N-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinoxalin-2-amine -   (161) N-(4-ethylpyridin-2-yl)quinoxalin-2-amine -   (162) N-(5-bromo-4-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinoxalin-2-amine -   (163) N-(4,6-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)quinoxalin-2-amine -   (164) [2-(quinoxalin-2-ylamino)pyridin-4-yl]methanol -   (165) N-(4-methyl-5-nitropyridin-2-yl)quinoxalin-2-amine -   (166) N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)quinolin-7-amine -   (167) 4-methoxy-N-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-7-amine -   (168) N-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)-4-(morpholin-4-yl)quinolin-7-amine     and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts.

Among said compounds, compounds (1), (6), (33), (34), (35), (36), (37), (38), (42), (43), (44), (45), (46), (48), (50), (64), (68), (69), (70), (71), (72), (73), (74), (75), (77), (78), (79), (80), (81), (82), (86), (87), (88), (90), (92), (96), (104), (106), (109), (112), (136), (139), (140) and (141) are of particular interest.

The present invention therefore extends to compounds (1), (6), (33), (34), (35), (36), (37), (38), (42), (43), (44), (45), (46), (48), (50), (64), (68), (69), (70), (71), (72), (73), (74), (75), (77), (78), (79), (80), (81), (82), (86), (87), (88), (90), (92), (96), (104), (106), (109), (112), (136), (139), (140) and (141) or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salts for use as an agent for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

Some of said preceding compounds are new and form part of the present invention: (1), (6), (33), (34), (35), (36), (37), (38), (42), (43), (44), (46), (48), (50), (64), (68), (69), (70), (71), (72), (73), (74), (75), (77), (78), (79), (80), (81), (82), (86), (87), (88), (90), (92), (96), (104), (106), (109), (112), (136), (139), (140), (141) and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, such as hydrobromide, tartrate, citrate, trifluoroacetate, ascorbate, hydrochloride, tartrate, triflate, maleate, mesylate, formate, acetate and fumarate.

The compounds of formulae (I), (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (Id), (Ie), (If), (Ig), (Ih), (Ii), (Ij), (Ik), (Il), (Im), (Io), (Ip), (Iq), (Ir) and (Iee) can comprise one or more asymmetric carbon atoms. They can thus exist in the form of enantiomers or of diastereoisomers. These enantiomers, diastereoisomers and their mixtures, including the racemic mixtures, are encompassed within the scope of the present invention.

Among the compounds of formula (I), some of them are new and form part of the invention, as well as their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, such as hydrobromide, tartrate, citrate, trifluoroacetate, ascorbate, hydrochloride, tartrate, triflate, maleate, mesylate, formate, acetate and fumarate.

According to a particular embodiment, the present invention encompasses compounds of formula (Ig)

wherein:

R independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a —CN group, a hydroxyl group, a —COOR₁ group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkoxy group, a —NO₂ group, a —NR₁R₂ group, and a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group,

n is 1 or 2,

n′ is 1 or 2,

R′ is a hydrogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a —COOR₁ group, a —NO₂ group, a —NR₁R₂ group, a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group and a —CN group,

R″ is a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₄)alkyl group,

R₁ and R₂ are independently a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group,

with the proviso that R and R′ are not simultaneously a hydrogen atom,

and when n and n′ are 1 and R is a hydrogen atom then R′ is not a —COOH group,

or anyone of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt.

According to another particular embodiment, the present invention encompasses compounds of formula (If)

wherein:

R independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a —CN group, a hydroxyl group, a —COOR₁ group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkoxy group, a —NO₂ group, a —NR₁R₂ group, and a (C₁-C3)alkoxy group,

n is 1 or 2,

n′ is 1 or 2,

R′ is a hydrogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a —COOR₁ group, a —NO₂ group, a —NR₁R₂ group, a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group and a —CN group,

R″ is a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₄)alkyl group,

R₁ and R₂ are independently a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group,

or anyone of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt.

According to another particular embodiment, the present invention encompasses compounds of formula (Ih)

wherein:

R independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a —CN group, a hydroxyl group, a —COOR₁ group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkoxy group, a —NO₂ group, a —NR₁R₂ group, and a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group,

n is 1 or 2,

n′ is 1 or 2,

R′ is a hydrogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a —COOR₁ group, a —NO₂ group, a —NR₁R₂ group, a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group and a —CN group,

R″ is a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₄)alkyl group,

R₁ and R₂ are independently a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group,

or anyone of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt.

According to another particular embodiment, the present invention encompasses compounds of formula (II)

wherein:

R independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a —CN group, a hydroxyl group, a —COOR₁ group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkoxy group, a —NO₂ group, a —NR₁R₂ group, and a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group,

n is 1 or 2,

n′ is 1 or 2,

R′ is a hydrogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a —COOR₁ group, a —NO₂ group, a —NR₁R₂ group, a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group and a —CN group,

R″ is a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₄)alkyl group,

R₁ and R₂ are independently a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group,

with the proviso that R and R′ are not simultaneously a hydrogen atom,

or anyone of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt.

According to another particular embodiment, the present invention encompasses compounds of formula (Im)

wherein:

R independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a —CN group, a hydroxyl group, a —COOR₁ group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkoxy group, a —NO₂ group, a —NR₁R₂ group, and a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group,

n is 1 or 2,

n′ is 1 or 2,

R′ is a hydrogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a —COOR₁ group, a —NO₂ group, a —NR₁R₂ group, a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group and a —CN group,

R″ is a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₄)alkyl group,

R₁ and R₂ are independently a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group,

with the proviso that when n and n′ are 1 and R is a hydrogen atom, R′ is not a chlorine atom,

or anyone of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt.

For a sake of simplification, the following compounds and their corresponding definitions are called “new compounds”.

According to another particular embodiment, the present invention encompasses compounds of formula (Ia), as such,

wherein:

R″ and n are as defined in formula (Ia),

n′ is 1,

R independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a —CN group, a hydroxyl group, a —COOR₁ group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group, a —NO₂ group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkoxy group and a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group,

R′ is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a —COOR₁ group, and a —CN group,

and wherein:

with the proviso that

when R and R′ are not simultaneously a hydrogen atom,

when n is 1, R is not a methyl group in ortho or para position with respect to Z, Z being N,

when R′ is a hydrogen atom, R is not a bromine atom or a chlorine atom,

when R is a hydrogen atom, R′ is not a methyl or ethyl group, a —COOH group, a COOC₂H₅ group or a bromine atom, said bromine atom being in ortho position of the bond linked to NR″,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt.

Still according to this particular embodiment, the present invention more particularly focuses on compounds of formula (Ia), as such, wherein,

R independently represent a hydrogen atom, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group, a halogen atom, a —CN group or a (C₁-C₃) alkyl group,

R″ is as defined in formula (Ia),

R′ is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a —NO₂ group,

n′ is 1,

n is 1,

with the proviso that

when n is 1, R is not a methyl group in ortho or para position with respect to Z, Z being N,

R is not a bromine atom or a chlorine atom when R′ is a hydrogen atom,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt.

Still according to this particular embodiment, the present invention more preferably focuses on compounds of formula (Ia′), as such,

wherein,

R independently represent a hydrogen atom, a (C₁-C₃) alkyl group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group, a halogen atom or a hydroxyl group,

R″ is as defined in formula (Ia),

n is 1 or 2, and preferably 1,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt.

The present invention further relates to a compound of formula (Ib) as defined above, as such

wherein:

R′ and R″ are as defined in formula (Ib),

n is 1, and

R is a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkoxy group,

-   -   or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt.

Still according to this particular embodiment, the present invention more particularly focuses on compounds of formula (Ib)

wherein:

R is a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkoxy group,

R′ is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a (C₁-C₄)alkyl group,

R″ is as defined in the formula (Ib),

n′ is 1 or 2 and is preferably 1,

n is 1 or 2 and is preferably 1,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt.

Still according to this particular embodiment, the present invention more particularly focuses on compounds of formula (Ib′)

wherein:

R, R″ and n are as defined in formula (Ib),

R′ is as defined in formula (Ib),

with the proviso that R′ is different from a methyl group in position 4 on the quinoline,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt.

Still according to this particular embodiment, the present invention more particularly focuses on compounds of formula (Ib″)

wherein:

R, R″ and n are as defined in formula (Ib),

with the proviso that when n is 1, R is not a hydrogen atom, a methyl group in para of the bond linked to NR″, a ethoxy group in para of the bond linked to NR″, nor a fluorine atom in para of the bond linked to NR″,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt.

According to another particular embodiment, the present invention encompasses compounds of formula (Ic), as such,

wherein:

R independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a —CN group, a hydroxyl group, a —COOR₁ group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group, a —NO₂ group, a —NR₁R₂ group and a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group,

R₁ and R₂ are independently a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group,

n is 1 or 2, and advantageously 1,

n′ is 1 or 2,

R″ is as defined in formula (Ic),

R′ is a hydrogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a —NO₂ group, a —NR₁R₂ group and a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group,

with the proviso that

R and R′ are not simultaneously a hydrogen atom,

R is not a bromine atom when R′ is a hydrogen atom,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt.

Still according to this particular embodiment, the present invention more particularly focuses on compounds of formula (Ic), as such, wherein,

R is a hydrogen atom or a —NO₂ group,

n is 1,

R′, R″ and n′ are as defined in formula (Ic), and

R′ is preferably a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group or a hydrogen atom,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt.

The present invention further relates to a compound of formula (Ie) as defined above, as such

wherein:

R, R′, R″ n and n′ are as defined in formula (I),

with the proviso that

when R is a hydrogen atom, R′ is not a bromine atom,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt.

According to another particular embodiment, the present invention encompasses compounds of formula (Io), as such,

wherein:

R independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a —CN group, a hydroxyl group, a —COOR₁ group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkoxy group, a —NO₂ group, a —NR₁R₂ group and a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group,

R₁ and R₂ are independently a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group,

n is 1, 2 or 3,

n′ is 1 or 2,

R′ is a hydrogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a —COOR₁ group, a —NO₂ group, a —NR₁R₂ group, a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group and a —CN group,

R″ is a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₄)alkyl group,

with the proviso that

when R is a hydrogen atom and n′ is 1, R′ is not a hydroxyl group,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt.

Still according to this particular embodiment, the present invention more particularly focuses on compounds of formula (Io′), as such, wherein

wherein:

n is 1, 2 or 3,

n′ is 1 or 2,

R independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a —CN group, a hydroxyl group, a —COOR₁ group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkoxy group, a —NO₂ group, a —NR₁R₂ group and a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group, and is preferably a —NO₂ group, a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom,

R′ is a hydrogen atom or a group chosen among a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a —COOR₁ group, a —NO₂ group, a —NR₁R₂ group, a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group and a —CN group, a (C₁-C₃)fluororalkyl group, and preferably is a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group,

R₁ and R₂ are as defined in formula (Io),

R″ is a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₄)alkyl group,

or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salt.

Among said compounds as such, compounds (1), (2), (5)-(8), (10)-(16), (18), (21)-(44), (46)-(75), (77)-(84), (86)-(119), (121), (124)-(130), (132), (135)-(141), (143)-(147), (149)-(168) and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts are of particular interest.

The present invention therefore extends to compounds (1), (2), (5)-(8), (10)-(16), (18), (21)-(44), (46)-(75), (77)-(84), (86)-(119), (121), (124)-(130), (132), (135)-(141), (143)-(147), (149)-(168) and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, as such.

More preferably, compounds (8), (75), (77)-(84), (86)-(104), (109)-(117), (155)-(158) and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts are of particular interest.

The present invention therefore extends more preferably to compounds (8), (75), (77)-(84), (86)-(104), (109)-(117), (155)-(158) and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, such as hydrobromide, tartrate, citrate, trifluoroacetate, ascorbate, hydrochloride, tartrate, triflate, maleate, mesylate, formate, acetate and fumarate.

Still more preferably, the present invention extends to compounds (75), (77), (78), (79), (80), (81), (82), (86), (87), (88), (90), (92), (96), (104), (109), (112), and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, such as hydrobromide, tartrate, citrate, trifluoroacetate, ascorbate, hydrochloride, tartrate, triflate, maleate, mesylate, formate, acetate and fumarate.

The new compounds of the present invention, i.e. compounds of formulae (Ia), (Ic), (Io), (Ib), (Ib′), (Ib″) and (Ie) and the specific compounds as listed above, are not only useful as agent for inhibiting, preventing or treating AIDS but can also be useful for inhibiting, preventing or treating premature aging and for inhibiting, preventing or treating cancer, and more particularly colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer including non-small cell lung cancer, breast cancer, bladder cancer, gall bladder cancer, liver cancer, thyroid cancer, melanoma, uterine/cervical cancer, oesophageal cancer, kidney cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, head and neck cancer and stomach cancer, etc.

According to an aspect of the invention said compounds may be useful to inhibit, prevent and/or treat diseases with premature aging and that are likely related to an aberrant splicing of the nuclear lamin A gene. Among all, said disease may include Hutchinson Guilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS), progeria, premature aging associated with HIV infection, muscular dystrophy, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disorder, Werner syndrome, but also atherosclerosis, insulin resistant type II diabetes, cataracts, osteoporosis and aging of the skin such as restrictive dermopathy.

The compounds of the present invention can be prepared by conventional methods of organic synthesis practiced by those skilled in the art. The general reaction sequences outlined below represent a general method useful for preparing the compounds of the present invention and are not meant to be limiting in scope or utility.

The compounds of general formula (I) can be prepared according to scheme 1 below.

As appears in said scheme two routes are available for recovering a compound of formula (I) according to the present invention.

The synthesis is based on a coupling reaction alternatively starting from a halogeno-bicycle of formula (III), wherein X, Y, W, T, U, n′, R′ and R″ are as defined above and X′ is a chlorine atom or a bromine atom or from a chloro-monocycle of formula (V), wherein Z, V, n and R are as defined above and X′ is a chlorine atom or a bromine atom.

According to route (A), the compound of formula (III) is placed in a protic solvent such as tert-butanol. The compound of formula (IV) is then added in a molar ratio ranging from 1 to 1.5 with respect to the compound of formula (III) in presence of an inorganic base, such as Cs₂CO₃ or K₂CO₃ in a molar ratio ranging from 1 and 2, in the presence of a diphosphine, such as Xantphos (4,5-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene) or X-Phos (2-Dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl) in an amount ranging from 2 mol % to 10 mol % relative to the total amount of compound of formula (III), and in the presence of a catalyst, such as Pd(OAc)₂ or Pd₂ dba₃ in an amount ranging from 2 mol % and 10 mol % relative to the total amount of compound of formula (III). The reaction mixture can then be heated at a temperature ranging from 80 to 120° C., for example at 90° C. and stirred for a time ranging form 15 to 25 hours, for example during 20 hours under inert gas and for example argon. The reaction mixture can be concentrated under reduced pressure.

According to route (B) the compound of formula (V) is placed in a protic solvent such as tert-butanol. The compound of formula (VI) is then added in a molar ratio ranging from 1 to 1.5 with respect to the compound of formula (V) in presence of an inorganic base, such as Cs₂CO₃ or K₂CO₃ in a molar ratio ranging from 1 to 2, in the presence of a diphosphine, such as Xantphos (4,5-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene) or X-Phos (2-Dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl) in an amount ranging from 2 mol % to 10 mol % relative to the total amount of compound of formula (V), and in the presence of a catalyst, such as Pd(OAc)₂ or Pd₂ dba₃ in an amount ranging from 2 mol % to 10 mol % relative to the total amount of compound of formula (V). The reaction mixture can then be heated at a temperature ranging from 80 to 120° C., for example at 90° C. and stirred for a time ranging form 15 to 25 hours, for example during 20 hours under inert gas and for example argon. The reaction mixture can be concentrated under reduced pressure.

The starting compounds of formula (III), (IV), (V) and (VI) are commercially available or can be prepared according to methods known to the person skilled in the art.

The chemical structures and spectroscopic data of some compounds of formula (I) of the invention are illustrated respectively in the following Table I and Table II.

TABLE I (I)

Formula (Ia) 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

72

73

74

150

151

152

153

154

Formula (Ib) 8

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

155

156

157

158

Formula (Ic) 9

10

11

12

13

14

105

106

159

Formula (Id) 15

16

107

108

Formula (Ie) 109

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

117

Formula (If) 118

Formula (Ig) 119

120

Formula (Ih) 121

Formula (Ii) 122

123

Formula (Ij) 124

125

126

127

Formula (Ik) 128

129

130

Formula (Il) 131

Formula (Im) 132

Formula (Io) 135

136

137

138

139

140

141

160

161

162

163

164

165

Formula (Ip) 142

Formula (Iq) 143

144

166

167

Formula (Ir) 145

146

147

168

Formula (Iee) 148

149

TABLE II Ex Characterizations 1 MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 256 2 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, D₂O) δ 8.31 (d, J = 5.1, 1H), 8.21 (d, J = 9.3, 1H), 7.60 (d, J = 7.5, 3H), 7.34 (dd, J = 6.2, 15.6, 2H), 7.18 (s, 1H), 6.99 (d, J = 9.1, 1H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 266 5 MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 300 6 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO) δ 10.23 (s, 1H), 8.96 (s, 1H), 8.18 (d, J = 8.8, 2H), 7.78 (dd, J = 7.7, 13.7, 2H), 7.46 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.31 (t, J = 7.8, 1H), 6.86 (d, J = 4.3, 1H), 2.37 (s, 3H). ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO) δ 153.63, 153.61, 148.37, 147.32, 142.65, 137.52, 129.68, 129.47, 126.82, 125.06, 123.26, 118.36, 115.10, 113.31, 21.24. MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 270 7 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO) δ 10.71 (s, 1H), 8.71 (d, J = 1.4, 1H), 8.62 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 8.24 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 8.17 (dd, J = 1.9, 8.9, 1H), 7.89-7.74 (m, 2H), 7.66 (dd, J = 7.9, 14.2, 2H), 7.42 (t, J = 7.3, 1H). ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO) δ 156.09, 152.40, 152.11, 146.24, 141.07, 137.83, 129.87, 127.67, 126.78, 124.50, 124.21, 118.04, 114.49, 111.67, 100.12. MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 247 8 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.92 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.79 (d, J = 8.4, 1H), 7.65 (t, J = 7.7, 3H), 7.59 (dd, J = 7.1, 8.3, 1H), 7.31 (t, J = 7.0, 1H), 7.20 (d, J = 8.5, 2H), 6.88 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 6.80 (s, 1H) ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 153.88, 147.62, 144.35, 139.26, 138.11, 130.13, 127.65, 127.12, 124.43, 123.70, 122.20, 120.95, 112.25. MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 305 10 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.10 (d, J = 2.5, 1H), 8.83 (d, J = 2.6, 1H), 8.02 (d, J = 7.9, 1H), 7.94 (dd, J = 1.3, 5.0, 1H), 7.85-7.79(m, 1H), 7.52 (pd, J = 1.5, 6.9, 2H), 7.33 (s, 1H), 7.04 (dd, J = 1.2, 7.9, 1H), 6.81 (dd, J = 5.1, 7.9, 1H), 3.95 (s, 3H) 11 MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 290 12 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.18 (d, J = 2.7, 1H), 8.86 (d, J = 2.5, 1H), 8.56 (d, J = 2.3, 1H), 8.33 (dd, J = 2.7, 9.2, 1H), 8.08 (d, J = 8.5, 1H), 7.83 (d, J = 8.5, 1H), 7.71-7.63 (m, 2H), 7.57 (t, J = 7.4, 2H), 6.82 (d, J = 9.1, 1H) 13 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.83 (d, J = 2.6, 1H), 8.37 (d, J = 2.3, 1H), 8.00 (d, J = 8.2, 1H), 7.71 (d, J = 7.7, 1H), 7.59-7.51 (m, 1H), 7.46 (dd, J = 7.3, 15.1, 2H), 6.71 (d, J = 8.3, 1H), 6.67 (d, J = 7.4, 1H), 2.49 (s, 3H) ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 157.13, 154.59, 145.81, 144.43, 138.78, 134.54, 129.22, 128.86, 127.41, 127.27, 121.48, 115.41, 106.50, 24.18. MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 236 14 MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 266 15 MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 290 16 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.77 (dd, J = 1.5, 4.2, 1H), 8.04 (dd, J = 4.7, 8.7, 2H), 7.92 (d, J = 2.4, 1H), 7.59 (dd, J = 2.5, 9.1, 1H), 7.47 (t, J = 7.8, 1H), 7.35 (dd, J = 4.2, 8.3, 1H), 6.87 (s, 1H), 6.81 (d, J = 8.2, 1H), 6.70 (d, J = 7.4, 1H), 2.50 (s, 3H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 236 18 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.53 (d, J = 59.9, 2H), 7.76 (d, J = 8.6, 1H), 7.58 (t, J = 8.3, 2H), 7.42 (d, J = 7.8, 1H), 7.09 (t, J = 7.7, 1H), 6.95 (d, J = 8.7, 1H), 6.71 (d, J = 7.3, 1H), 2.38 (s, 3H) 21 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.78 (s, 1H), 8.13 (d, J = 5.1, 1H), 7.89 (d, J = 8.3, 1H), 7.79 (s, 1H), 7.63 (d, J = 8.0, 1H), 7.56 (d, J = 7.3, 1H), 7.38 (s, 1H), 7.33 (t, J = 7.5, 1H), 6.79 (d, J = 4.9, 1H), 2.44 (s, 6H) 22 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.95 (d, J = 8.4, 1H), 8.28 (d, J = 5.7, 1H), 7.87 (d, J = 8.3, 1H), 7.78 (s, 1H), 7.76-7.70 (m, 1H), 7.62 (d, J = 8.0, 1H), 7.60-7.52 (m, 1H), 7.42 (s, 1H), 7.32 (t, J = 7.4, 1H), 6.95 (dd, J = 5.1, 6.5, 1H), 2.45 (s, 3H) 23 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.64 (d, J = 8.4, 1H), 8.55 (d, J = 2.1, 1H), 8.03 (s, 1H), 7.90 (d, J = 8.5, 4H), 7.66 (t, J = 7.6, 1H), 7.44 (t, J = 7.6, 1H), 7.06 (s, 1H), 2.67 (s, 4H) 24 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.09 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 8.53 (d, J = 1.7, 1H), 7.94 (dd, J = 2.2, 8.9, 1H), 7.92-7.84 (m, 2H), 7.67 (d, J = 8.6, 2H), 7.65-7.58 (m, 1H), 7.40 (t, J = 7.4, 1H), 2.49 (s, 3H) 25 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.16 (d, J = 5.2, 1H), 8.10 (s, 1H), 7.90 (d, J = 8.8, 1H), 7.79 (d, J = 9.0, 1H), 7.66 (d, J = 2.2, 1H), 7.55 (dd, J = 2.3, 8.9, 1H), 7.39 (d, J = 9.0, 1H), 6.79 (d, J = 5.2, 1H), 2.42 (s, 3H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 270 26 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.06 (d, J = 8.3, 1H), 7.70 (d, J = 9.0, 1H), 7.64 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.49 (t, J = 7.9, 2H), 7.40 (dd, J = 2.3, 8.9, 1H), 7.18 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 6.68 (d, J = 7.4, 1H), 2.38 (s, 3H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 270 27 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.17 (d, J = 2.5, 1H), 8.71 (s, 1H), 8.49 (dd, J = 2.6, 9.0, 1H), 7.99 (s, 1H), 7.93 (d, J = 8.9, 2H), 7.74-7.64 (m, 1H), 7.48 (dd, J = 4.2, 11.4, 1H), 7.09 (s, 1H), 2.71 (s, 3H) 28 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.64-8.51 (m, 3H), 8.18 (d, J = 9.0, 1H), 7.93 (d, J = 8.4, 1H), 7.79 (d, J = 8.1, 1H), 7.73-7.64 (m, 1H), 7.51-7.41 (m, 1H), 7.00 (dd, J = 4.6, 8.2, 1H), 6.75 (dd, J = 4.6, 8.3, 0H) 29 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 10.77 (s, 1H), 8.60 (s, 3H), 8.19 (d, J = 8.2, 1H), 7.76 (dd, J = 6.6, 25.5, 2H), 7.38 (d, J = 7.2, 1H), 7.04 (d, J = 4.4, 1H) 30 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.46 (dd, J = 1.9, 5.0, 1H), 7.87 (dd, J = 2.0, 7.6, 1H), 7.82 (d, J = 7.3, 1H), 7.60 (t, J = 7.3, 2H), 7.43-7.33 (m, 1H), 6.90 (dd, J = 5.0, 7.6, 1H), 2.64 (s, 3H) 31 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.44 (d, J = 9.1, 1H), 8.17 (d, J = 4.8, 1H), 8.03 (d, J = 9.1, 1H), 7.78 (d, J = 8.4, 1H), 7.68 (d, J = 8.0, 1H), 7.62-7.54 (m, 1H), 7.39 (d, J = 7.3, 1H), 7.32 (t, J = 7.5, 1H), 6.82 (dd, J = 5.0, 7.3, 1H), 2.31 (s, 3H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 236 32 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.23 (d, J = 8.5, 1H), 8.10 (s, 1H), 7.91 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.82 (d, J = 8.4, 1H), 7.62 (d, J = 8.3, 1H), 7.56 (d, J = 7.3, 1H), 7.50 (dd, J = 1.8, 8.5, 1H), 7.37-7.24 (m, 2H), 2.26 (s, 3H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 236 33 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.87 (s, 1H), 8.32 (d, J = 5.0, 1H), 7.95 (d, J = 8.8, 1H), 7.84 (d, J = 8.3, 1H), 7.60 (dd, J = 7.4, 14.1, 2H), 7.32 (t, J = 7.5, 1H), 7.04 (dd, J = 5.0, 9.0, 2H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 247 34 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.52 (s, 1H), 8.45 (d, J = 8.6, 1H), 8.01 (d, J = 8.8, 1H), 7.87 (dd, J = 2.5, 8.5, 2H), 7.72-7.56 (m, 2H), 7.39 (d, J = 9.0, 2H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 290 35 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.32 (d, J = 9.1, 1H), 8.07 (d, J = 4.8, 1H), 7.93 (d, J = 9.1, 1H), 7.59 (t, J = 7.9, 1H), 7.52 (d, J = 8.0, 1H), 7.36 (d, J = 7.2, 1H), 7.14 (t, J = 7.8, 1H), 6.77 (dd, J = 5.0, 7.3, 1H), 2.29 (s, 3H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 270 36 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.70 (d, J = 7.2, 1H), 8.01 (s, 1H), 7.82 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.62 (d, J = 7.6, 1H), 7.53 (dd, J = 1.8, 8.6, 1H), 7.46 (d, J = 7.9, 1H), 7.12 (t, J = 7.8, 1H), 7.05 (d, J = 8.8, 1H), 2.21 (s, 3H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 270 37 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.08 (d, J = 8.5, 1H), 8.55 (s, 1H), 8.36 (s, 1H), 8.02 (d, J = 8.1, 2H), 7.77 (d, J = 7.2, 1H), 7.62 (d, J = 7.6, 1H), 7.35-7.24 (m, 1H), 7.12 (d, J = 8.8, 1H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 324 38 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.69 (d, J = 9.1, 1H), 7.97 (d, J = 9.1, 1H), 7.80-7.74 (m, 1H), 7.70 (d, J = 8.4, 1H), 7.59 (d, J = 8.0, 1H), 7.54-7.45 (m, 1H), 7.22 (t, J = 7.5, 1H), 6.87 (d, J = 7.9, 1H), 6.68 (dd, J = 5.0, 7.9, 1H), 3.73 (s, 3H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 252 39 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.57 (d, J = 29.4, 1H), 7.80 (d, J = 8.8, 1H), 7.66 (t, J = 6.7, 2H), 7.46 (d, J = 7.9, 1H), 7.14 (t, J = 7.8, 1H), 7.06 (d, J = 8.8, 1H), 6.79 (d, J = 7.3, 1H), 2.73 (dd, J = 7.6, 15.2, 2H), 1.28 (t, J = 7.7, 3H) 40 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO) δ 9.75 (s, 1H), 9.12 (d, J = 2.3, 1H), 8.50 (d, J = 2.2, 1H), 8.48 (s, 1H), 8.13 (s, 1H), 7.83 (s, 1H), 7.80 (s, 1H), 7.64 (t, J = 7.7, 1H), 7.45 (t, J = 7.8, 1H) 41 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.52 (dd, J = 2.8, 8.6, 1H), 8.35 (s, 1H), 8.15 (d, J = 2.3, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 8.8, 1H), 7.84 (d, J = 8.2, 1H), 7.65 (d, J = 7.8, 1H), 7.59 (d, J = 7.2, 1H), 7.50-7.40 (m, 1H), 7.33 (t, J = 7.4, 1H), 7.11 (d, J = 8.9, 1H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 240 42 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.55 (d, J = 6.8, 1H), 8.01 (d, J = 8.9, 2H), 7.82 (dd, J = 9.1, 17.3, 2H), 7.69 (d, J = 8.0, 1H), 7.63 (t, J = 7.6, 1H), 7.37 (t, J = 7.5, 1H), 7.32-7.18 (m, 2H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 290 43 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO) δ 10.41 (s, 1H), 9.08 (dd, J = 4.1, 9.3, 1H), 8.31 (d, J = 2.9, 1H), 8.20 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.88-7.70 (m, 3H), 7.44 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.32 (t, J = 7.8, 1H) ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO) δ 156.30, 153.32, 153.04, 150.17, 142.55, 137.73, 135.06, 134.74, 129.58, 129.49, 126.86, 125.29, 125.14, 125.04, 123.36, 114.91, 113.36. MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 274 44 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 11.09 (s, 1H), 8.78 (d, J = 9.0, 1H), 8.42 (dd, J = 1.9, 4.7, 1H), 8.28 (dd, J = 1.9, 7.8, 1H), 8.11 (d, J = 9.1, 1H), 7.73 (d, J = 7.5, 1H), 7.65 (d, J = 8.1, 1H), 7.27 (dd, J = 6.4, 9.2, 1H), 6.88 (dd, J = 4.8, 7.8, 1H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 300 46 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.59 (d, J = 8.3, 1H), 7.73 (d, J = 8.3, 1H), 7.57 (s, 1H), 7.51 (t, J = 7.9, 1H), 7.43 (t, J = 9.2, 2H), 7.17 (t, J = 7.4, 1H), 6.67 (d, J = 7.4, 1H), 2.36 (s, 3H), 2.28 (s, 3H) 47 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, MeOD) δ 8.99 (s, 1H), 8.76 (d, J = 9.2, 1H), 8.32 (d, J = 8.7, 1H), 8.22 (d, J = 8.6, 1H), 8.11 (d, J = 7.8, 1H), 8.01 (t, J = 7.1, 1H), 7.76 (t, J = 7.4, 1H), 7.55-7.43 (m, 2H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 247 48 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, MeOD) δ 8.48 (d, J = 9.1, 1H), 8.40 (d, J = 6.7, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 8.4, 1H), 7.90 (d, J = 7.8, 1H), 7.54 (t, J = 8.0, 1H), 7.38 (d, J = 8.6, 1H), 7.30 (s, 2H), 2.58 (s, 3H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 270 49 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.34 (s, 1H), 8.95 (s, 1H), 8.21 (d, J = 5.1, 1H), 7.87 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.71 (d, J = 7.5, 1H), 7.52 (d, J = 7.9, 1H), 7.19 (t, J = 7.8, 1H), 7.05 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 6.84 (d, J = 5.1, 1H), 2.76 (q, J = 7.6, 2H), 1.37 (t, J = 7.6, 3H) 50 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.57 (d, J = 29.4, 1H), 7.80 (d, J = 8.8, 1H), 7.66 (t, J = 6.7, 2H), 7.46 (d, J = 7.9, 1H), 7.14 (t, J = 7.8, 1H), 7.06 (d, J = 8.8, 1H), 6.79 (d, J = 7.3, 1H), 2.73 (dd, J = 7.6, 15.2, 2H), 1.28 (t, J = 7.7, 3H) 51 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.64 (s, 1H), 8.06 (s, 1H), 7.89 (d, J = 8.7, 1H), 7.71 (d, J = 7.4, 1H), 7.54 (d, J = 7.8, 1H), 7.20 (t, J = 7.7, 1H), 7.02 (d, J = 8.8, 1H), 6.67 (s, 1H), 2.43 (s, 3H), 2.39 (s, 3H) ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 156.15, 153.17, 152.82, 150.16, 143.70, 137.92, 131.34, 129.89, 126.49, 125.47, 123.43, 118.62, 114.47, 111.02, 24.13, 21.70. MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 284 52 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.89 (d, J = 8.8, 1H), 8.05 (d, J = 8.8, 1H), 8.01 (s, 1H), 7.93 (d, J = 8.8, 1H), 7.79 (d, J = 7.5, 1H), 7.64 (d, J = 8.0, 1H), 7.32 (t, J = 7.8, 1H), 7.13 (d, J = 8.8, 1H), 2.67 (s, 3H) 53 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.27 (s, 1H), 8.33 (d, J = 5.7, 1H), 8.13 (d, J = 5.2, 1H), 8.00 (d, J = 8.8, 1H), 7.76 (d, J = 7.4, 1H), 7.60 (d, J = 8.0, 1H), 7.29 (d, J = 7.9, 1H), 7.07 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 6.97 (d, J = 4.8, 1H) 54 MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 250 55 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.19 (s, 1H), 7.90 (d, J = 9.0, 1H), 7.63 (d, J = 7.5, 1H), 7.52 (d, J = 7.9, 1H), 7.33 (d, J = 7.4, 1H), 7.14 (t, J = 7.8, 1H), 6.69 (d, J = 7.5, 1H), 2.70 (dd, J = 7.3, 14.8, 2H), 2.47 (s, 3H), 1.26 (t, J = 7.7, 3H) 56 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.20 (s, 1H), 7.90 (d, J = 9.0, 1H), 7.63 (d, J = 7.5, 1H), 7.52 (d, J = 7.9, 1H), 7.33 (d, J = 7.4, 1H), 7.14 (t, J = 7.8, 1H), 6.69 (d, J = 7.5, 1H), 2.70 (dd, J = 7.3, 14.8, 2H), 2.47 (s, 3H), 1.25 (dd, J = 7.5, 15.5, 3H) 57 MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 253 58 MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 314-316 59 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.91 (d, J = 1.7, 1H), 8.46 (d, J = 8.8, 1H), 8.28 (dd, J = 2.0, 8.8, 1H), 8.23 (s, 1H), 8.03 (d, J = 8.8, 1H), 7.88 (d, J = 8.3, 1H), 7.70 (d, J = 8.0, 1H), 7.67-7.58 (m, 1H), 7.38 (t, J = 7.4, 1H), 7.32 (d, J = 8.8, 2H), 3.91 (s, 3H) 60 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.94 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 8.91 (d, J = 1.8, 1H), 8.37 (dd, J = 2.2, 8.8, 1H), 8.04 (d, J = 8.9, 2H), 7.77 (d, J = 7.5, 1H), 7.62 (d, J = 7.2, 1H), 7.30 (t, J = 7.8, 2H), 7.19 (d, J = 8.8, 2H), 3.92 (s, 3H) 61 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.96 (d, J = 8.8, 1H), 8.85 (d, J = 1.3, 1H), 8.28 (d, J = 9.9, 1H), 7.84 (d, J = 8.0, 1H), 7.77 (s, 1H), 7.65 (s, 1H), 7.59 (d, J = 8.4, 2H), 7.53 (d, J = 8.4, 1H), 7.31 (t, J = 7.4, 1H), 3.88 (s, 4H), 2.42 (s, 4H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 294 62 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 11.02 (s, 1H), 8.75 (d, J = 9.2, 1H), 8.44 (d, J = 3.7, 1H), 8.31 (d, J = 7.9, 1H), 8.10 (d, J = 9.0, 1H), 7.72 (d, J = 7.5, 1H), 7.64 (d, J = 8.2, 1H), 7.27 (d, J = 8.1, 1H), 6.88 (dd, J = 4.7, 7.8, 1H), 3.97 (s, 3H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 314 63 MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 266 64 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO) δ 10.38 (s, 1H), 8.56 (s, 1H), 8.28 (d, J = 9.1, 1H), 8.20-8.03 (m, 3H), 7.50 (d, J = 8.7, 1H), 7.45 (d, J = 8.0, 1H), 6.88 (d, J = 4.4, 1H), 2.37 (s, 3H) 65 MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 314-316 66 MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 250 67 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO) δ 10.51 (s, 1H), 8.83 (d, J = 2.3, 1H), 8.62 (d, J = 9.3, 1H), 8.24 (dd, J = 2.7, 9.1, 1H), 7.96 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.81 (d, J = 7.8, 1H), 7.67 (t, J = 7.6, 1H), 7.45 (d, J = 11.2, 2H), 3.86 (s, 3H), 2.62 (s, 3H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 294 68 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.57 (s, 1H), 8.44 (d, J = 4.8, 1H), 8.05 (d, J = 8.8, 1H), 7.86 (s, 1H), 7.80 (d, J = 7.5, 1H), 7.64 (d, J = 8.0, 1H), 7.31 (t, J = 7.8, 1H), 7.19 (d, J = 4.3, 1H), 7.04 (d, J = 8.8, 1H) 69 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.12 (s, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 8.6, 1H), 7.71 (d, J = 7.5, 1H), 7.57 (d, J = 7.8, 1H), 7.40 (s, 1H), 7.25 (d, J = 10.2, 2H), 7.17 (s, 1H), 7.05 (s, 1H) 70 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.07 (d, J = 8.5, 1H), 7.97 (d, J = 8.8, 1H), 7.90 (t, J = 8.0, 1H), 7.84 (s, 1H), 7.75 (dd, J = 1.1, 7.5, 1H), 7.62-7.55 (m, 1H), 7.31 (d, J = 7.6, 1H), 7.27 (t, J = 7.8, 1H), 7.08 (d, J = 8.8, 1H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 274 71 MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 274 72 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.67 (d, J = 7.9, 1H), 7.83 (d, J = 8.3, 1H), 7.71 (s, 1H), 7.69-7.61 (m, 1H), 7.57 (d, J = 7.9, 2H), 7.52 (d, J = 7.1, 1H), 7.28 (t, J = 7.4, 1H), 2.74 (q, J = 7.6, 2H), 2.42 (s, 3H), 1.31 (t, J = 7.6, 3H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 264 73 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.91 (dd, J = 3.8, 9.0, 1H), 8.11 (d, J = 2.9, 1H), 7.81 (d, J = 8.3, 1H), 7.71 (s, 1H), 7.56 (dd, J = 7.4, 14.1, 2H), 7.51-7.42 (m, 1H), 7.29 (d, J = 7.2, 1H), 2.38 (s, 3H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 254 74 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.96 (d, J = 8.3, 1H), 8.49 (s, 1H), 7.89 (dd, J = 1.9, 9.0, 1H), 7.82 (d, J = 8.2, 1H), 7.72 (s, 1H), 7.57 (t, J = 8.7, 3H), 7.33 (t, J = 7.4, 1H), 2.37 (s, 3H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 304 75 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.83 (d, J = 9.0, 1H), 7.69 (dd, J = 1.3, 7.6, 1H), 7.53 (dd, J = 1.2, 8.0, 1H), 7.42 (d, J = 8.9, 2H), 7.15 (t, J = 7.8, 1H), 6.89 (d, J = 8.9, 2H), 6.79 (d, J = 8.9, 2H), 2.97 (s, 6H) 77 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.83 (d, J = 8.8, 1H), 7.70 (d, J = 7.6, 1H), 7.59 (d, J = 8.6, 2H), 7.52 (d, J = 7.3, 1H), 7.16 (t, J = 7.7, 1H), 6.94 (d, J = 8.4, 3H), 6.86 (d, J = 8.8, 1H), 3.82 (s, 3H) ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 156.40, 155.54, 144.29, 138.09, 132.96, 130.44, 129.99, 126.61, 125.22, 123.29, 122.66, 114.73, 112.16, 55.74. MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 285 78 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.80 (t, J = 7.6, 2H), 7.64 (d, J = 8.9, 2H), 7.61-7.55 (m, 1H), 7.33 (t, J = 7.6, 1H), 7.19 (d, J = 8.7, 2H), 2.59 (s, 3H) 79 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.78 (d, J = 8.4, 1H), 7.76-7.71 (m, 2H), 7.69 (s, 1H), 7.57 (dd, J = 1.1, 8.0, 1H), 7.51 (ddd, J = 1.5, 7.0, 8.4, 1H), 7.29-7.21 (m, 1H), 6.96-6.90 (m, 2H), 3.82 (s, 3H), 2.35 (s, 3H) 80 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.92 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 2H) ,7.84 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.78 (s, 1H), 7.62 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.57 (t, J = 7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.32 (t, J = 7.4 Hz, 1H), 7.24 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 2H), 6.53 (s, 1H), 2.42 (s, 3H) ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 152.46, 146.25, 143.86, 139.33, 136.83, 128.93, 126.96, 126.71, 124.75, 123.56, 121.88, 120.44, 119.95, 17.77. MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 319 81 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.75 (d, J = 8.3, 1H), 7.66 (d, J = 8.5, 3H), 7.55 (d, J = 7.8, 1H), 7.48 (t, J = 7.6, 1H), 7.20 (d, J = 7.2, 1H), 6.80 (d, J = 8.8, 2H), 6.32 (s, 1H), 2.93 (s, 7H), 2.35 (s, 3H) 82 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.92 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.82-7.70 (m, 2H), 7.66 (d, J = 7.8, 1H), 7.59 (t, J = 7.6, 1H), 7.30 (dd, J = 6.0, 13.5, 1H), 7.14 (s, 1H), 7.11 (s, 1H), 6.84 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 2.32 (s, 3H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 319 83 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.93-7.86 (m, 1H), 7.85 (s, 1H), 7.82 (d, J = 8.4, 1H), 7.59 (dd, J = 8.2, 15.5, 2H), 7.44-7.38 (m, 1H), 7.29 (dd, J = 8.3, 16.8, 2H), 6.91 (d, J = 9.0, 1H), 6.87 (d, J = 8.3, 1H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 305 84 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.67 (d, J = 8.1, 1H), 7.92 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.85 (d, J = 8.4, 1H), 7.63 (d, J = 7.6, 1H), 7.58 (d, J = 7.3, 1H), 7.30 (dd, J = 6.8, 14.8, 3H), 7.02 (t, J = 7.8, 1H), 6.89 (d, J = 8.9, 1H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 305 86 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.93 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.83 (d, J = 8.3, 1H), 7.70 (d, J = 12.0, 1H), 7.61 (dd, J = 7.9, 18.1, 2H), 7.32 (d, J = 7.9, 1H), 7.31-7.25 (m, 1H), 7.21 (t, J = 6.5, 1H), 6.92 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 6.79-6.68 (m, 1H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 239 87 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.27 (s, 1H), 7.76 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.67 (d, J = 7.5, 1H), 7.51 (d, J = 8.2, 1H), 7.45 (d, J = 7.9, 1H), 7.28 (d, J = 8.2, 1H), 7.14 (t, J = 7.8, 1H), 6.86 (d, J = 10.1, 1H), 6.76 (d, J = 8.9, 1H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 339 88 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.11 (dt, J = 2.1, 12.1, 1H), 7.76 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.66 (dd, J = 1.2, 7.6, 1H), 7.45 (dd, J = 1.1, 8.0, 1H), 7.22 (dd, J = 1.4, 7.2, 2H), 7.18 (d, J = 7.6, 1H), 7.12 (d, J = 7.8, 1H), 6.75 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 6.69 (d, J = 7.9, 1H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 273 89 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO) δ 11.38 (s, 1H), 8.41 (d, J = 9.1, 1H), 7.93 (d, J = 7.8, 1H), 7.80 (dt, J = 8.1, 20.9, 4H), 7.50 (d, J = 7.8, 3H), 7.36 (d, J = 9.3, 1H) 90 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.84 (d, J = 9.1, 2H), 7.79 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.67 (dd, J = 1.2, 7.6, 1H), 7.48 (dd, J = 1.1, 8.0, 1H), 7.18 (s, 3H), 6.89 (s, 1H), 6.75 (d, J = 8.9, 1H) ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 153.88, 144.30, 143.91, 139.00, 138.25, 131.13, 130.13, 126.55, 125.42, 123.45, 122.50, 122.17, 120.49, 119.10, 113.24. MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 339 91 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.74 (s, 1H), 8.54 (s, 1H), 8.46 (d, J = 8.8, 1H), 7.91 (dd, J = 5.5, 14.5, 2H), 7.79 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.67 (d, J = 2.1, 1H), 7.56 (dd, J = 2.3, 8.9, 1H), 7.35 (d, J = 8.9, 1H) 92 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.67 (d, J = 7.9, 1H), 7.83 (d, J = 8.3, 1H), 7.71 (s, 1H), 7.69-7.61 (m, 1H), 7.55 (dd, J = 7.5, 14.4, 2H), 7.29 (d, J = 7.8, 1H), 6.80 (d, J = 7.4, 1H) 93 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.21 (dd, J = 1.5, 8.4, 1H), 7.85 (d, J = 8.4, 1H), 7.73 (s, 1H), 7.58 (d, J = 7.8, 1H), 7.53 (dd, J = 1.3, 8.3, 1H), 7.40-7.35 (m, 1H), 7.32 (dd, J = 1.1, 4.6, 1H), 7.31-7.24 (m, 2H), 7.04 (s, 1H), 7.02-6.94 (m, 1H), 2.38 (s, 3H) 94 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.16 (d, J = 8.7, 1H), 7.83 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.63 (d, J = 7.6, 1H), 7.48 (d, J = 8.0, 1H), 7.13 (t, J = 7.8, 1H), 7.08 (s, 1H), 7.04 (s, 2H), 6.81 (d, J = 8.9, 2H), 2.27 (s, 3H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 353 95 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, MeOD) δ 8.42 (s, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 7.9, 1H), 7.83 (d, J = 8.1, 1H), 7.78 (d, J = 7.1, 1H), 7.72 (d, J = 8.7, 2H), 7.58 (d, J = 8.2, 3H), 2.60 (s, 3H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 319 96 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.79 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.70 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.64 (d, J = 8.9, 2H), 7.59 (d, J = 2.1, 1H), 7.50 (dd, J = 2.3, 8.9, 1H), 7.19 (d, J = 8.6, 2H), 6.85 (d, J = 8.9, 1H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 281 97 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, MeOD) δ 8.11 (d, J = 8.4, 1H), 7.81 (s, 2H), 7.62 (d, J = 8.7, 3H), 7.51 (d, J = 8.3, 2H), 7.12 (s, 1H), 2.77 (s, 3H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 319 98 MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 383-385 99 MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 320 100 MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 316 101 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.82 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.70-7.63 (m, 1H), 7.51 (dd, J = 5.3, 7.6, 3H), 7.14 (t, J = 7.8, 1H), 6.91 (d, J = 8.8, 3H), 6.85 (d, J = 9.0, 2H), 3.96 (t, J = 6.5, 2H), 1.84-1.68 (m, 3H), 1.49 (dd, J = 7.4, 15.0, 3H), 0.97 (t, J = 7.4, 3H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 327 102 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.89 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.76 (d, J = 8.5, 1H), 7.63 (d, J = 8.1, 1H), 7.59 (s, 1H), 7.54 (d, J = 8.8, 2H), 7.38-7.24 (m, 3H), 7.09 (d, J = 7.4, 1H), 7.02 (dd, J = 2.4, 8.8, 4H), 6.90 (d, J = 8.9, 1H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 313 103 MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 334 104 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.49 (d, J = 2.5, 1H), 7.89 (d, J = 8.8, 1H), 7.72 (d, J = 7.6, 1H), 7.63 (dd, J = 2.5, 8.9, 1H), 7.53 (d, J = 8.0, 1H), 7.23 (dd, J = 6.2, 14.0, 2H), 7.04 (s, 1H), 6.81 (d, J = 8.8, 1H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 373 105 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.85 (d, J = 2.6, 1H), 8.45 (d, J = 2.3, 1H), 8.01 (d, J = 8.1, 1H), 7.71 (d, J = 7.8, 1H), 7.58 (s, 1H), 7.53 (d, J = 7.6, 1H), 7.51-7.45 (m, 2H), 7.45-7.36 (m, 1H), 6.72-6.62 (m, 2H), 2.48 (s, 3H) 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 157.18, 154.80, 145.42, 143.80, 138.17, 135.04, 128.88, 128.76, 127.17, 127.04, 120.69, 115.22, 106.73, 24.38 106 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO) δ 10.24 (s, 1H), 9.06 (d, J = 2.3, 1H), 8.65 (d, J = 1.8, 1H), 8.60 (d, J = 8.3, 1H), 8.56 (d, J = 4.5, 1H), 7.97 (dd, J = 8.2, 14.4, 2H), 7.69 (t, J = 6.9, 1H), 7.59 (t, J = 7.4, 1H), 7.08 (dd, J = 4.6, 8.3, 1H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 267 107 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.77 (dd, J = 1.5, 4.3, 1H), 8.06 (dd, J = 10.8, 18.4, 3H), 7.93 (d, J = 2.4, 1H), 7.57 (dd, J = 2.4, 9.0, 1H), 7.39 (ddd, J = 3.1, 8.3, 12.5, 3H), 6.93 (d, J = 8.4, 1H), 6.89 (s, 1H), 2.29 (s, 3H) 108 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.72 (dd, J = 1.6, 4.2, 1H), 8.61 (d, J = 2.4, 1H), 8.11 (d, J = 8.3, 1H), 8.00 (d, J = 9.0, 1H), 7.91 (dd, J = 1.2, 5.0, 1H), 7.69 (dd, J = 2.4, 9.1, 1H), 7.35-7.26 (m, 2H), 7.01 (dd, J = 1.2, 7.9, 1H), 6.77 (dd, J = 5.1, 7.8, 1H), 3.93 (s, 3H) 109 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.68 (s, 1H), 8.21 (s, 2H), 7.94 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.79 (d, J = 9.2, 1H), 7.67 (d, J = 2.3, 1H), 7.56 (dd, J = 2.3, 8.9, 1H), 7.34 (d, J = 8.9, 1H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 257 110 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 10.32 (s, 1H), 8.33-8.21 (m, 2H), 8.05 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 8.00 (dd, J = 1.2, 7.6, 1H), 7.69 (dd, J = 1.1, 7.8, 1H), 7.61 (s, 1H), 7.30-7.22 (m, 3H), 7.16 (d, J = 8.8, 1H). MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 301-303 111 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.82 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.70-7.63 (m, 1H), 7.51 (dd, J = 5.3, 7.6, 3H), 7.14 (t, J = 7.8, 1H), 6.91 (d, J = 8.8, 3H), 6.85 (d, J = 9.0, 2H), 3.96 (t, J = 6.5, 2H), 1.84-1.68 (m, 3H), 1.49 (dd, J = 7.4, 15.0, 3H), 0.97 (t, J = 7.4, 3H) 112 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.89 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.76 (d, J = 8.5, 1H), 7.63 (d, J = 8.1, 1H), 7.59 (s, 1H), 7.54 (d, J = 8.8, 2H), 7.38-7.24 (m, 3H), 7.09 (d, J = 7.4, 1H), 7.02 (dd, J = 2.4, 8.8, 4H), 6.90 (d, J = 8.9, 1H) ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO) δ 152.94, 150.19, 142.48, 142.18, 138.20, 137.55, 135.74, 129.71, 126.99, 125.35, 123.84, 114.75. MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 255 113 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.74 (s, 1H), 8.20 (s, 2H), 8.03 (d, J = 8.6, 1H), 7.87 (d, J = 7.6, 1H), 7.80 (s, 1H), 7.70 (d, J = 8.0, 1H), 7.63 (t, J = 7.7, 1H), 7.37 (t, J = 7.4, 1H), 7.30 (d, J = 8.7, 1H) 114 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.67 (s, 1H), 8.34-8.12 (m, 2H), 7.84 (d, J = 8.0, 2H), 7.70-7.54 (m, 1H), 7.38 (t, J = 7.6, 1H), 7.17 (s, 1H), 2.61 (s, 3H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 237 115 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 10.15 (s, 1H), 8.24-8.12 (m, 2H), 7.79 (s, 1H), 7.71 (s, 1H), 7.55 (t, J = 8.3, 2H), 7.30 (t, J = 7.9, 1H), 2.38 (s, 3H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 237 116 MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 240 117 MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 253 118 MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 222 119 MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 256 121 MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 222 124 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.42 (s, 1H), 7.95 (dd, J = 1.3, 8.2, 1H), 7.87-7.78 (m, 3H), 7.70-7.61 (m, 1H), 7.55-7.47 (m, 1H), 7.26 (dd, J = 2.4, 6.5, 3H), 6.90 (s, 1H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 306 125 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.42 (s, 1H), 8.03 (d, J = 9.5, 1H), 7.92 (d, J = 8.2, 1H), 7.73 (d, J = 8.2, 1H), 7.61 (t, J = 7.3, 1H), 7.46 (t, J = 7.2, 1H), 7.13 (s, 2H), 6.84 (s, 1H), 2.35 (s, 3H) 126 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.40 (s, 1H), 8.03 (s, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 8.2, 1H), 7.84 (d, J = 8.2, 1H), 7.65 (t, J = 7.4, 1H), 7.53 (d, J = 7.1, 1H), 7.48 (d, J = 7.2, 1H), 7.35 (t, J = 8.2, 1H), 7.22 (s, 1H), 6.94 (d, J = 8.1, 1H) 127 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.85 (dd, J = 1.0, 8.3, 1H), 8.47 (s, 1H), 7.96 (d, J = 8.2, 1H), 7.85 (d, J = 8.3, 1H), 7.72-7.61 (m, 1H), 7.57-7.47 (m, 1H), 7.42-7.36 (m, 1H), 7.33 (d, J = 10.0, 1H), 7.14 (s, 1H), 7.13-7.04 (m, 1H) 128 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.17 (s, 1H), 8.68 (d, J = 9.1, 1H), 8.64 (d, J = 4.8, 2H), 8.15 (d, J = 9.1, 1H), 7.87 (d, J = 8.4, 1H), 7.76 (d, J = 8.1, 1H), 7.64 (t, J = 7.7, 1H), 7.39 (t, J = 7.5, 1H), 6.87 (t, J = 4.8, 1H) ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ 158.34, 138.07, 129.85, 127.63, 127.31, 124.34, 114.20, 113.90. 129 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.14 (s, 1H), 8.73 (d, J = 21.2, 3H), 8.17 (s, 1H), 7.73 (d, J = 20.3, 2H), 7.28 (d, J = 9.6, 2H), 6.91 (s, 1H) 130 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.05 (s, 1H), 8.64 (d, J = 4.8, 2H), 8.52 (s, 1H), 7.89 (dd, J = 8.5, 14.6, 2H), 7.63 (t, J = 7.5, 1H), 7.41 (t, J = 7.4, 1H), 6.86 (t, J = 4.8, 1H), 2.74 (s, 3H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 237 132 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.86 (d, J = 2.6, 1H), 8.70 (d, J = 2.5, 1H), 8.32 (d, J = 1.1, 1H), 8.25-8.21 (m, 1H), 8.10 (d, J = 2.7, 1H), 8.06 (d, J = 8.3, 1H), 7.82 (dd, J = 1.2, 7.9, 1H), 7.66-7.51 (m, 3H), 6.89 (s, 1H) 135 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.09 (s, 1H), 8.71 (s, 1H), 8.54 (d, J = 8.4, 1H), 8.37 (dd, J = 1.0, 4.9, 1H), 7.96 (d, J = 8.2, 1H), 7.85 (d, J = 8.3, 1H), 7.82-7.74 (m, 1H), 7.66 (t, J = 7.6, 1H), 7.52 (dd, J = 7.0, 8.1, 1H), 7.02 (dd, J = 5.0, 7.2, 1H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 223 136 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.02 (s, 1H), 8.70 (s, 1H), 8.30 (s, 1H), 8.20 (d, J = 5.1, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 8.1, 1H), 7.84 (d, J = 8.2, 1H), 7.64 (t, J = 7.6, 1H), 7.49 (t, J = 8.1, 1H), 6.83 (d, J = 5.0, 1H), 2.43 (s, 3H) ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 153.28, 150.20, 148.55, 147.40, 140.93, 139.83, 138.35, 130.44, 129.16, 127.18, 126.28, 119.70, 113.75, 21.87. MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 237 137 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO) δ 11.10 (s, 1H), 9.03 (s, 1H), 8.82-8.75 (m, 1H), 8.56 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 8.24 (dd, J = 2.3, 8.9, 1H), 7.96 (dd, J = 1.2, 8.2, 1H), 7.87 (dd, J = 1.0, 8.3, 1H), 7.79-7.71 (m, 1H), 7.61 (ddd, J = 1.4, 7.0, 8.3, 1H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 248 138 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.72 (s, 1H), 8.53 (s, 1H), 8.20 (d, J = 8.3, 1H), 7.93 (d, J = 8.2, 1H), 7.81 (d, J = 8.3, 1H), 7.62 (td, J = 3.4, 8.1, 2H), 7.53-7.43 (m, 1H), 6.83 (d, J = 7.4, 1H), 2.48 (s, 3H) ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 156.86, 152.27, 148.40, 140.92, 139.70, 139.00, 138.35, 130.42, 129.13, 127.14, 126.27, 117.76, 110.01, 24.15. MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 237 139 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.53 (s, 1H), 8.20 (d, J = 4.8, 1H), 8.04 (d, J = 8.3, 1H), 7.92 (d, J = 8.4, 1H), 7.87 (s, 1H), 7.79 (t, J = 7.6, 1H), 7.60 (t, J = 7.6, 1H), 6.88 (d, J = 4.7, 1H), 2.46 (s, 3H) 140 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.93 (s, 1H), 8.19 (s, 1H), 8.05 (d, J = 8.1, 1H), 7.99 (s, 1H), 7.82 (d, J = 8.2, 1H), 7.69 (t, J = 7.6, 1H), 7.59 (t, J = 8.2, 1H), 2.53 (s, 4H) 141 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.72 (s, 1H), 9.35 (s, 1H), 8.30 (d, J = 5.0, 1H), 8.05 (d, J = 7.7, 1H), 7.87 (d, J = 7.0, 1H), 7.66 (dd, J = 7.4, 16.9, 3H), 6.92 (d, J = 4.9, 1H), 2.58 (s, 3H) 143 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO) δ 8.85 (s, 1H), 8.42 (d, J = 5.3, 1H), 7.96 (d, J = 9.1, 1H), 7.44 (s, 1H), 7.30 (s, 4H), 7.28-7.21 (m, 2H), 6.66 (d, J = 5.3, 1H), 2.99 (s, 6H) ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO) δ 156.82, 150.25, 149.69, 143.79, 141.71, 125.95, 122.33, 118.88, 117.37, 115.95, 109.39, 104.92, 43.57 MS (ESI) [M + H]+ = 348 144 MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 390 145 MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 252 146 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO) δ 9.34 (s, 1H), 8.59 (d, J = 5.2, 1H), 8.53 (s, 1H), 8.13 (d, J = 5.1, 1H), 7.98 (d, J = 9.0, 1H), 7.66 (d, J = 9.1, 1H), 6.80 (d, J = 5.2, 1H), 6.76 (s, 1H), 6.69 (d, J = 4.9, 1H), 4.00 (s, 3H), 2.26 (s, 3H) ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO) δ 161.31, 155.67, 151.63, 150.25, 147.77, 147.01, 142.97, 121.56, 119.16, 116.61, 114.75, 112.60, 111.41, 98.91, 55.78, 20.66. MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 266 147 MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 279 149 MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 318 150 MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 280 151 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.35 (s, 1H), 8.04 (d, J = 8.3, 1H), 7.82 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.74 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.60 (t, J = 7.8, 2H), 7.50 (dd, J = 2.3, 8.9, 1H), 7.36 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 6.79 (d, J = 7.4, 1H), 2.75 (q, J = 7.6, 2H), 1.30 (t, J = 7.6, 3H). MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 284 152 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.30 (d, J = 8.5, 1H), 8.08 (s, 1H), 7.90 (d, J = 9.0, 1H), 7.77 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.65 (d, J = 2.2, 1H), 7.55 (td, J = 2.0, 8.8, 2H), 7.39 (d, J = 9.0, 1H), 2.31 (s, 3H). MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 270 153 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.75 (s, 1H), 8.54 (s, 1H), 8.46 (d, J = 8.8, 1H), 7.91 (dd, J = 5.5, 14.5, 2H), 7.79 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.67 (d, J = 2.1, 1H), 7.56 (dd, J = 2.3, 8.9, 1H), 7.35 (d, J = 8.9, 1H). MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 324 154 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO) δ 9.08 (s, 1H), 8.12 (d, J = 8.4, 1H), 7.73 (d, J = 8.2, 2H), 7.66 (d, J = 10.0, 1H), 7.53 (s, 1H), 7.25 (s, 1H), 6.82 (s, 1H), 5.10 (s, 2H), 2.16 (s, 4H). MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 285 155 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.68 (d, J = 8.3, 1H), 7.61 (s, 1H), 7.56 (d, J = 11.5, 2H), 7.44 (d, J = 8.3, 1H), 7.38 (d, J = 7.8, 1H), 7.13 (t, J = 7.4, 1H), 6.80 (d, J = 8.7, 2H), 3.85 (t, J = 6.5, 2H), 2.18 (s, 3H), 1.73-1.58 (m, 2H), 1.48-1.31 (m, 2H), 0.88 (t, J = 7.3, 3H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 307 156 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.75 (d, J = 9.1, 1H), 7.62 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.58 (d, J = 2.2, 1H), 7.48 (dd, J = 2.4, 8.9, 1H), 7.30 (d, J = 8.9, 2H), 6.86 (d, J = 9.0, 1H), 6.77 (d, J = 8.9, 2H), 6.71 (s, 1H), 2.97 (s, 6H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 298 157 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.98 (d, J = 2.6, 1H), 7.89 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 7.72 (d, J = 7.5, 1H), 7.62 (dd, J = 2.6, 8.8, 1H), 7.55 (d, J = 7.8, 1H), 7.20 (t, J = 7.8, 1H), 6.95 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 6.84 (d, J = 8.9, 1H), 6.79 (s, 1H), 3.91 (s, 3H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 319 158 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.89 (d, J = 9.0, 1H), 7.70 (dd, J = 1.2, 7.5, 1H), 7.56 (dd, J = 1.1, 8.0, 1H), 7.30 (d, J = 8.6, 1H), 7.20 (t, J = 7.8, 1H), 6.71 (t, J = 5.9, 2H), 6.64 (d, J = 9.5, 1H). MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 354 159 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.80 (d, J = 2.6, 1H), 8.37 (d, J = 2.6, 1H), 8.01 (d, J = 8.1, 1H), 7.91 (dd, J = 1.6, 4.9, 1H), 7.78-7.70 (m, 1H), 7.58-7.43 (m, 2H), 7.09 (dd, J = 1.6, 7.6, 1H), 6.84 (dd, J = 4.9, 7.6, 1H), 6.69 (s, 1H), 3.82-3.07 (m, 2H). 160 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.68-8.90 (m, 1H), 8.77 (s, 1H), 8.35 (s, 1H), 8.14 (d, J = 5.0, 1H), 7.96 (s, 1H), 7.79 (d, J = 8.8, 1H), 7.61 (d, J = 8.5, 1H), 6.88 (d, J = 4.8, 1H), 2.46 (s, 3H) 161 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.98 (s, 1H), 8.70 (s, 1H), 8.45 (s, 1H), 8.27 (d, J = 5.2, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 8.1, 1H), 7.84 (d, J = 8.2, 1H), 7.63 (t, J = 7.5, 1H), 7.48 (t, J = 7.5, 1H), 6.87 (d, J = 5.0, 1H), 2.74 (q, J = 7.6, 2H), 1.34 (t, J = 7.6, 3H). MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 251 162 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.73 (s, 1H), 8.70-8.60 (m, 1H), 8.48 (s, 1H), 8.31 (s, 1H), 7.98 (d, J = 8.1, 1H), 7.86 (d, J = 7.9, 1H), 7.68 (t, J = 8.2, 1H), 7.54 (t, J = 8.1, 1H), 2.49 (s, 3H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 315 163 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.75 (s, 1H), 8.68 (s, 1H), 8.01 (s, 1H), 7.95 (d, J = 8.2, 1H), 7.84 (d, J = 8.3, 1H), 7.64 (t, J = 8.2, 1H), 7.49 (t, J = 7.0, 1H), 6.69 (s, 1H), 2.45 (s, 3H), 2.38 (s, 3H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 251 164 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO) δ 10.46 (s, 1H), 9.00 (s, 1H), 8.41 (s, 1H), 8.24 (d, J = 3.0, 1H), 7.90 (d, J = 8.2, 1H), 7.79 (d, J = 8.3, 1H), 7.69 (t, J = 7.0, 1H), 7.52 (t, J = 7.4, 1H), 6.98 (d, J = 4.8, 1H), 5.45 (q, J = 5.6, 1H), 4.58 (d, J = 5.7, 2H). MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 253 165 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.07 (s, 1H), 8.79 (s, 1H), 8.51 (s, 1H), 8.18 (s, 1H), 8.09-8.01 (m, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 8.4, 1H), 7.81-7.71 (m, 1H), 7.69-7.59 (m, 1H), 2.80 (s, 3H) MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 282 166 ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.49 (d, J = 5.0, 1H), 7.77 (d, J = 9.0, 1H), 7.32 (d, J = 2.0, 1H), 7.12 (d, J = 9.0, 2H), 6.99 (dd, J = 2.0, J = 9.0, 1H), 6.82 (d, J = 9.0, 2H), 6.57 (d, J = 5.0, 1H), 5.78 (s, 1H), 3.74 (s, 3H), 3.17 (s, 4H), 2.62 (s, 4H), 2.34 (s, 3H) 167 MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 335 168 MS (ESI) [M + H]⁺ = 321

The following examples are provided as illustrations and in no way limit the scope of this invention.

The following examples illustrate in detail the preparation of some compounds according to the invention. The structures of the products obtained have been confirmed by NMR spectra.

EXAMPLES

According to route (A), the compound of formula (III) is placed in a protic solvent such as tert-butanol. The compound of formula (IV) is then added in a 1.1 molar ratio with respect to the compound of formula (III) in presence of Cs₂CO₃, in a 2.8 molar ratio, in the presence of Xantphos (4,5-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene), in a 2 mol % amount relative to the total amount of compound of formula (III), and in the presence of Pd(OAc)₂, in a 2 mol % amount relative to the total amount of compound of formula (III). The reaction mixture is then heated at 90° C., and stirred during 20 hours, under argon. The reaction mixture is concentrated under reduced pressure and the resulting residue is diluted with ethyl acetate. The organic phase is then washed twice with water, dried on magnesium sulphate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue could then be purified by column chromatography on silica gel to yield pure compounds (6), (43), (77), (80), (90), (112) and (136).

According to route (B), the compound of formula (V) is placed in a protic solvent such as tert-butanol. The compound of formula (VI) is then added in a 1.1 molar ratio with respect to the compound of formula (V) in presence of Cs₂CO₃ in a 2.8 molar ratio, in the presence of Xantphos (4,5-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene) in a 2 mol % amount relative to the total amount of compound of formula (V), and in the presence of a Pd(OAc)₂, in a 2 mol % amount relative to the total amount of compound of formula (V). The reaction mixture is then heated at 90° C., and stirred during 20 hours, under argon. The reaction mixture is concentrated under reduced pressure and the resulting residue is diluted with ethyl acetate. The organic phase is then washed twice with water, dried on magnesium sulphate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue could then be purified by column chromatography on silica gel to yield pure compound (106).

Example 1 Compound (6) of the Table I

According to route (A), a mixture of 2,8-dichloroquinoline (1.5 g) and 2-amino-4methylpyridine (904 mg), Pd(OAc)₂ (34 mg), XantPhos (88 mg) and Cs₂CO₃ (7.0 g) in 30 mL of t-BuOH gave compound (6) (1.3 g).

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO) δ 10.23 (s, 1H), 8.96 (s, 1H), 8.18 (d, J=8.8, 2H), 7.78 (dd, J=7.7, 13.7, 2H), 7.46 (d, J=8.9, 1H), 7.31 (t, J=7.8, 1H), 6.86 (d, J=4.3, 1H), 2.37 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO) δ 153.63, 153.61, 148.37, 147.32, 142.65, 137.52, 129.68, 129.47, 126.82, 125.06, 123.26, 118.36, 115.10, 113.31, 21.24.

MS (ESI) [M+H]⁺=270

Example 2 Compound (43) of the Table I

According to route (A), a mixture of 2,8-dichloroquinoline (394 mg) and 2-amino-5fluoropyridine (246 mg), Pd(OAc)₂ (9 mg), XantPhos (23 mg) and Cs₂CO₃ (1.8 g) in 8 mL of t-BuOH gave compound (43) (320 mg).

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO) δ 10.41 (s, 1H), 9.08 (dd, J=4.1, 9.3, 1H), 8.31 (d, J=2.9, 1H), 8.20 (d, J=8.9, 1H), 7.88-7.70 (m, 3H), 7.44 (d, J=8.9, 1H), 7.32 (t, J=7.8, 1H).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO) δ 156.30, 153.32, 153.04, 150.17, 142.55, 137.73, 135.06, 134.74, 129.58, 129.49, 126.86, 125.29, 125.14, 125.04, 123.36, 114.91, 113.36.

MS (ESI) [M+H]⁺=274

Example 3 Compound (77) of the Table I

According to route (A), a mixture of 2,8-dichloroquinoline (985 mg) and p-anisidine (677 mg), Pd(OAc)₂ (22 mg), XantPhos (58 mg) and Cs₂CO₃ (4.6 g) in 20 mL of t-BuOH gave compound (77) (629 mg).

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.83 (d, J=8.8, 1H), 7.70 (d, J=7.6, 1H), 7.59 (d, J=8.6, 2H), 7.52 (d, J=7.3, 1H), 7.16 (t, J=7.7, 1H), 6.94 (d, J=8.4, 3H), 6.86 (d, J=8.8, 1H), 3.82 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 156.40, 155.54, 144.29, 138.09, 132.96, 130.44, 129.99, 126.61, 125.22, 123.29, 122.66, 114.73, 112.16, 55.74.

MS (ESI) [M+H]⁺=285

Example 4 Compound (80) of the Table I

According to route (A), a mixture of 2-chloro-3methylquinoline (885 mg) and 4-(trifluoromethoxy)aniline (743 μL), Pd(OAc)₂ (22 mg), XantPhos (58 mg) and Cs₂CO₃ (4.6 g) in 20 mL of t-BuOH gave compound (80) (1.3 g).

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.92 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 2H), 7.84 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.78 (s, 1H), 7.62 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.57 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.32 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 1H), 7.24 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 2H), 6.53 (s, 1H), 2.42 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 152.46, 146.25, 143.86, 139.33, 136.83, 128.93, 126.96, 126.71, 124.75, 123.56, 121.88, 120.44, 119.95, 17.77.

MS (ESI) [M+H]⁺=319

Example 5 Compound (90) of the Table I

According to route (A), a mixture of 2,8-dichloroquinoline (984 mg) and 4-(trifluoromethoxy)aniline (743 μL), Pd(OAc)₂ (22 mg), XantPhos (58 mg) and Cs₂CO₃ (4.6 g) in 20 mL of t-BuOH gave compound (90) (1.1 g).

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.84 (d, J=9.1, 2H), 7.79 (d, J=8.9, 1H), 7.67 (dd, J=1.2, 7.6, 1H), 7.48 (dd, J=1.1, 8.0, 1H), 7.18 (s, 3H), 6.89 (s, 1H), 6.75 (d, J=8.9, 1H).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 153.88, 144.30, 143.91, 139.00, 138.25, 131.13, 130.13, 126.55, 125.42, 123.45, 122.50, 122.17, 120.49, 119.10, 113.24.

MS (ESI) [M+H]⁺=339

Example 6 Compound (106) of the Table I

According to route (B), a mixture of 3-aminoquinoline (316 mg) and 2-chloro-3nitropyridine (315 mg), Pd(OAc)₂ (22 mg), XantPhos (58 mg) and Cs₂CO₃ (4.6 g) in 20 mL of t-BuOH gave compound (106) (374.1 mg).

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO) δ 10.24 (s, 1H), 9.06 (d, J=2.3, 1H), 8.65 (d, J=1.8, 1H), 8.60 (d, J=8.3, 1H), 8.56 (d, J=4.5, 1H), 7.97 (dd, J=8.2, 14.4, 2H), 7.69 (t, J=6.9, 1H), 7.59 (t, J=7.4, 1H), 7.08 (dd, J=4.6, 8.3, 1H).

MS (ESI) [M+H]⁺=267

Example 7 Compound (112) of the Table I

According to route (A), a mixture of 2,8-dichloroquinoline (958 mg) and aminopyrazine (522 mg), Pd(OAc)₂ (22 mg), XantPhos (58 mg) and Cs₂CO₃ (4.6 g) in 20 mL of t-BuOH gave compound (112) (728 mg).

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO) δ 10.58 (s, 1H), 10.26 (s, 1H), 8.36 (s, 1H), 8.27 (s, 2H), 7.91-7.74 (m, 2H), 7.50 (d, J=8.8, 1H), 7.37 (t, J=7.6, 1H).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO) δ 152.94, 150.19, 142.48, 142.18, 138.20, 137.55, 135.74, 129.71, 126.99, 125.35, 123.84, 114.75.

MS (ESI) [M+H]⁺=255

Example 7 Compound (136) of the Table I

According to route (A), a mixture of 2-chloroquinoxaline (82.0 mg) and 2-amino-4methylpyridine (59.4 mg), Pd(OAc)₂ (2.2 mg), XantPhos (5.8 mg) and Cs₂CO₃ (456 mg) in 2 mL of t-BuOH gave compound (136) (35.4 mg).

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.02 (s, 1H), 8.70 (s, 1H), 8.30 (s, 1H), 8.20 (d, J=5.1, 1H), 7.94 (d, J=8.1, 1H), 7.84 (d, J=8.2, 1H), 7.64 (t, J=7.6, 1H), 7.49 (t, J=8.1, 1H), 6.83 (d, J=5.0, 1H), 2.43 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 153.28, 150.20, 148.55, 147.40, 140.93, 139.83, 138.35, 130.44, 129.16, 127.18, 126.28, 119.70, 113.75, 21.87.

MS (ESI) [M+H]⁺=237

Example 8 Method for Synthesizing the Compounds of the Present Invention

Typical Procedure for Pd-Catalysed Aminations

To a solution of halogeno compound (0.5 mmol, 1 equiv) in tert-butanol (2 mL) were added the amino moiety (0.55 mmol, 1.1 equiv), Cs₂CO₃ (456 mg, 1.4 mmol, 2.8 equiv), Xantphos (4,5-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene) (5.8 mg, 0.01 mmol, 2 mol %), Pd(OAc)₂ (2.2 mg, 0.01 mmol, 2 mol %). The reaction mixture was heated at 90° C. and stirred for 20 h under argon. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel to yield pure compounds.

For example this procedure permitted to synthetize the following compounds:

Isoquinolin-5-yl-(3-methoxy-pyridin-2-yl)-amine

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.24 (s, 1H), 8.66 (dd, J=1.7, 6.8, 1H), 8.55 (d, J=6.0, 1H), 7.85 (d, J=5.0, 1H), 7.76 (d, J=6.0, 1H), 7.69-7.58 (m, 2H), 7.53 (s, 1H), 7.06 (d, J=7.7, 1H), 6.78 (dd, J=5.1, 7.8, 1H), 3.99 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 153.23, 146.60, 142.97, 142.79, 138.53, 134.82, 129.53, 129.13, 127.95, 121.66, 119.82, 115.18, 115.05, 114.09, 100.15, 55.80.

(8-Chloro-quinolin-2-yl)-(4-methyl-pyridin-2-yl)-amine: (6) of the Table I

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.82 (s, 1H), 8.17 (d, J=5.1, 1H), 8.09 (s, 1H), 7.98 (d, J=8.9, 1H), 7.76 (dd, J=1.2, 7.6, 1H), 7.61 (dd, J=1.0, 8.0, 1H), 7.26 (t, J=7.8, 2H), 7.15 (d, J=8.7, 1H), 6.83 (d, J=5.0, 1H), 2.46 (s, 3H).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 153.52, 153.14, 149.90, 147.43, 143.68, 138.08, 131.37, 129.98, 126.56, 125.58, 123.58, 119.17, 114.52, 114.02, 21.84.

(3-Methoxy-pyridin-2-yl)-quinolin-3-yl-amine: (10) of the Table I

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO) δ 9.17 (d, J=2.5, 1H), 8.97 (d, J=2.4, 1H), 8.79 (s, 1H), 7.94-7.79 (m, 3H), 7.58-7.46 (m, 2H), 7.31 (d, J=7.9, 1H), 6.88 (dd, J=5.0, 7.9, 1H), 3.94 (s, 3H).

Pharmalogical Data

The compounds of the invention have been the subject of pharmacological tests which have demonstrated their relevance as active substances in therapy and in particular for preventing, inhibiting or treating AIDS.

Example 9 Development of IDC16 Derivative Compounds

The inventors have shown that compound IDC16 (BAKKOUR et al., cited above, 2007) interacts functionally with the SF2/ASF complex and thus contributes to blocking alternative splicing during HIV replication, leading to the termination of the production of Tat protein.

Accordingly, the family of polycyclic indoles, to which compound IDC16 belongs, is known to exhibit the properties of DNA intercalating agents. Such compounds thus present a risk in terms of undesirable side effects.

The inventors thus sought to develop novel molecules exhibiting activity comparable to IDC16, in terms of activity inhibiting HIV splicing, but while not exhibiting the characteristics of DNA intercalating agents.

In their initial hypothesis, the inventors considered that the two polar heterocycles at the two ends of compound IDC16 were associated with its activity and that the two median rings were of less importance.

Based on this hypothesis, the inventors considered that:

-   -   the nitrogen of the indoline and of the D ring of IDC16 might         act as acceptors of hydrogen bonds;     -   the N-methylated 4-pyridinone motif might be preserved in the         analogues;     -   the flat tetracyclic geometry was not optimal and it might be         wise to replace the B and C rings by other motifs to limit DNA         intercalating properties.

Example 10 Inhibition of HIV-1 Production in Infected Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs)

Material and Methods

The first determination is that of the concentration of compound that exhibits the fewest side effects in terms of cell viability and progression of the cell cycle.

Within this framework, the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of healthy donors are isolated by centrifugation on a FICOLL gradient. The cells are then cultivated to a density of 2.5×10⁶ cells/ml with RPMI medium supplemented with 1% inactivated human AB serum, then incubated at 37° C., 5% CO₂ for an additional hour. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells are then recovered and cultivated for two days in RPMI medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum.

A standard experiment using 96 plates to test 30 molecules in triplicates including positive and negative controls, is performed as follows:

50 10⁶ Ficoll purified PBMCs (10% DMSO 90% FCS) are washed with RPMI 10% FCS and resuspended in 25 ml of RPMI 10% FCS, glutamax containing 1000 U/ml of IL2 and 5 μg/ml PHA. The cells are then incubated for 3 days at 37° C. before to be washed with 50 ml PBS then with 50 ml RPMI 10% FCS. The cells are resuspended in 100 μl of RPMI 10% FCS containing 100 U/ml IL2 and seeded in 96 wells (1.5 10⁵ cells/well). Viral infection is performed with 1 ng of AdaM/well. 100 μA of tested molecules at concentration of 10 μM are added to each well. Virus production is determined by p24 antigen immunosorbent assays after 3 and 6 days of infection (Kit Innogenetics). Typically PBMCs are prepared from several healthy donors (around 11 different donors). Dose response curves were then established with selected compounds to determine IC₅₀.

Protocol for Cytotoxicity:

To evaluate the cytoxicity of different compounds we used the same protocol as above to seed the HOS-CD4⁺-CCR5⁺ cells or PBMCs in a final volume of 100 μl without adding the virus. After an incubation for 48 h at 37° C., the medium was removed and cells were incubated with 20 μl of CellTiter96 AqueousOne solution to determine the number of viable cells in proliferation and cytotoxicity assays (Promega). CellTiter96 AqueousOne is a colorimetric assay solution that has many advantages compared to MTT assays and gives us satisfactory results.

We have also evaluated the effect of selected molecules on CD4 and CD8 proliferation using the division tracking dye carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) (In vitrogen).

Results

Compound Inhibition of p24 production in HIV number IC₅₀ in nM infected PBMCs from different donors Formula (Ia) 1 nd 4 out 6 donors 6 0.1 9 out 14 donors 33 nd 5 out 6 donors 34 nd 6 out 8 donors 35 nd 6 out 8 donors 36 nd 6 out 8 donors 37 nd 4 out 6 donors 38 nd 4 out 6 donors 42 nd 4 out 6 donors 43 0.1 8 out of 10 donors 44 nd 4 out 6 donors 45 nd 4 out of 4 donors 46 nd 4 out of 4 donors 48 nd 4 out 4 donors 50 nd 4 out of 4 donors 64 nd 5 out of 5 donors 68 nd 4 out of 4 donors 69 nd 4 out of 4 donors 70 nd 4 out of 4 donors 71 nd 4 out of 4 donors 72 nd 4 out of 4 donors 73 nd 4 out of 4 donors 74 nd 4 out of 4 donors Formula (Ib) 75 nd 6 out of 7 donors 77  0.05 11 out of 13 donors 78 nd 7 out of 8 donors 79 nd 7 out of 8 donors 80 1   7 out of 8 donors 81 nd 4 out of 4 donors 82 nd 4 out of 4 donors 86 nd 3 out of 4 donors 87 nd 4 out of 4 donors 88 nd 4 out of 4 donors 90 0.1 8 out of 10 donors 92 nd 3 out of 5 donors 96 nd 5 out of 6 donors 104 nd 4 out of 4 donors Formula (Ic) 106 0.5 6 out of 6 donors Formula (Ie) 109 nd 8 out of 8 donors 112 0.1 12 out of 13 donors Formula (Io) 136 nd 6 out of 8 donors 139 nd 4 out of 4 donors 140 nd 4 out of 4 donors 141 nd 4 out of 4 donors

Example 11 Inhibition of HIV-1 Production in Infected Macrophages

In order to generalize the HIV-1 replication effect of the molecules of the present invention to other cell types, we examined various steps of the viral cycle in cells treated with the various drug at a concentration of 5 μM and submitted to one-round infection.

For such experiences, macrophages can be infected by the Ada-M R5 HIV strain and treated for 18 hours with various concentrations of the compounds of the present invention. The culture medium is then eliminated and the cells washed with an abundance of PBS. The cells are then cultivated under normal conditions. The culture medium and the cells are then collected at days 4, 7 and 14. Finally, virus replication is measured indirectly by determining the level of p24 antigen in both the culture supernatant and the cellular lysate by the ELISA method. In parallel, cell viability of the macrophages in the presence of the compounds of the present invention is measured as before.

For this purpose, we exposed HOS-CD4⁺-CCR5⁺ cells to defective virions obtained by cotransfecting 293T cells with a plasmid encoding the R5 envelope of the AD8 strain and another plasmid containing the entire HIV-1 genome mutated in the envelope gene and harbouring a luciferase marker gene fused to nef (Connor R I, Chen B K, Choe S, Landau N R. (1995) Vpr is required for efficient replication of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 in mononuclear phagocytes. Virology 206: 935-944). The amounts of luciferase activity in cells infected with these virions reflect both the number of integrated proviruses and expression of multiply spliced species encoding nef/luc. Two days post-infection, luciferase activity in HOS-CD4+-CCR5+ infected cells was measured.

The results are shown below:

Compound Results

  (121) of the table I +

  (2) of the table I −

  (6) +

  (5) of the table I −

  (10) of the table I +

  (14) of the table I −

−

−

−

+

−

The results established that the compounds of the present invention show a luciferase inhibitory effect, thus showing that these compounds inhibit viral RNA splicing.

A further object of the invention consists of a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one compound of formula (Ib) or (Ie) or anyone of compounds (8), (75), (77)-(84), (86)-(104), (109)-(117), (155)-(158) and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, such as hydrobromide, tartrate, citrate, trifluoroacetate, ascorbate, hydrochloride, tartrate, triflate, maleate, mesylate, formate, acetate and fumarate and, optionally, a pharmaceutically acceptable support.

As examples of pharmaceutically acceptable supports, the composition can include emulsions, microemulsions, oil in water emulsions, anhydrous lipids and water in oil emulsions or other types of emulsions.

The inventive composition can further include one or more additives such as diluents, excipients, stabilizers and preservatives. Such additives are well known to those skilled in the art and are described notably in “Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 6^(th) Ed.” (various editors, 1989-1998, Marcel Dekker) and in “Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Systems” (ANSEL et al., 1994, WILLIAMS & WILKINS).

The aforementioned excipients are selected according to the dosage form and the desired mode of administration.

In this context they can be present in any pharmaceutical form which is suitable for enteral or parenteral administration, in association with appropriate excipients, for example in the form of plain or coated tablets, hard gelatine, soft shell capsules and other capsules, suppositories, or drinkable, such as suspensions, syrups, or injectable solutions or suspensions, in doses which enable the daily administration of from 0.1 to 1000 mg of active substance.

Still a further object consists of the use of at least one compound of formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (Id), (Ie), (If), (Ig), (Ih), (Ii), (Ij), (Ik), (Il), (Im), (Io), (Ip), (Iq), (Ir) or (Iee) as defined above, and compounds (1) to (168) as defined above, or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salts according to the present invention in preparing a drug to treat, in a subject, a disease resulting from at least one splicing anomaly.

Therefore, the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (Id), (Ie), (If), (Ig), (Ih), (Ii), (Ij), (Ik), (Il), (Im), (Io), (Ip), (Iq), (Ir) or (Iee) as defined above, and compounds (1) to (168) as defined above, or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salts according to the present invention for preparing a drug to treat, in a subject, a disease resulting from at least one splicing anomaly.

As used in the present application, the term “subject” refers to a mammal such as a rodent, cat, dog, primate or human, preferably said subject is a human.

Preferably, the inventive compounds have the ability to inhibit pre-messenger RNA splicing processes that are either constitutive or, more specifically, dependent on regulating sequences known as an ESE (exonic splicing enhancer), ISE (intronic splicing enhancer), ESS (exonic splicing silencer) and ISS (intronic splicing silencer).

In a particularly preferred way, splicing processes are either constitutive and/or or dependent on ESE regulating sequences.

Preferably, the present invention relates to the use of the at least one compound of formula (I), (I), (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (Id), (Ie), (If), (Ig), (Ih), (Ii), (Ij), (Ik), (Il), (Im), (Io), (Ip), (Iq), (Ir) or (Iee) as defined above, or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salts according to the present invention, and more particularly of formula (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (Ie) and (Io) as described above for preparing a drug to treat, in a subject, AIDS.

Therefore, the present invention relates to a one of said compounds, and more particularly to a compound (1) to (168) or one of its acceptable salts for treating AIDS.

Another object of the invention relates to a therapeutic method for treating a subject for a genetic disease resulting from splicing anomalies comprising the administration of a therapeutically effective quantity of a compound of formula (I), (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (Id), (Ie), (If), (Ig), (Ih), (Ii), (Ij), (Ik), (Il), (Im), (Io), (Ip), (Iq), (Ir) or (Iee) as defined above, more particularly of formula (Ia), (Ib), (Ic), (Ie) and (Io) as described above, and even more particularly of at least one compound (1) to (168) or one of its acceptable salts.

Preferably, said genetic disease resulting from splicing anomalies is AIDS.

A “therapeutically effective quantity” means a quantity that induces inhibition of the splicing of the pre-mRNAs of interest. Those skilled in the art will be able to determine said therapeutically effective quantity based on their general knowledge and on the methods described in the examples.

The compounds can be administered by any mode of administration such as, for example, by intramuscular, intravenous or oral route, etc.

In one embodiment according to the invention, said composition further includes an excipient making it possible to formulate the inventive compounds in such a way that said composition is provided in solid or liquid form to be prepared and administered by intravenous route.

The inventive compounds preferably will be administered by intravenous route at a concentration of 80-100 mg/m². The concentration will be chosen by those skilled in the art according to the organ or tissue to be treated, the state of advancement of the disease and the targeting mode used. 

The invention claimed is:
 1. A method of inhibiting replication of HIV-1 in a patient infected with HIV-1 comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an effective quantity of at least one compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to thereby inhibit replication of HIV-1:

wherein:

is an aromatic ring wherein V is C or N and when V is N, V is in an ortho, meta or para position with respect to Z such that the ring respectively forms a pyridazine, a pyrimidine, or a pyrazine, R independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a —CN group, a hydroxyl group, a —COOR₁ group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkoxy group, a —NO₂ group, a —NR₁R₂ group, a (C₁-C₄)alkoxy group, a phenoxy group, or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, said alkyl group being optionally mono-substituted by a hydroxyl group, n is 1, 2, or 3, n′ is 1 or 2, R′ is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a hydroxyl group, a —COOR₁ group, a —NO₂ group, a —NR₁R₂ group, a morpholinyl or a morpholino group, a N-methylpiperazinyl group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group, a (C₁-C₄)alkoxy group, or a —CN group, R₁ and R₂ are independently a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, R″ is a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₄)alkyl group, Z is C, V is C, Y is N, X is C, T is C, U is C, and W is C, Z is N, V is C, Y is C, X is N, T is C, U is C, and W is C, Z is N, V is N and is in the para position with respect to Z, Y is N, X is C, T is C, U is C, and W is C, or Z is N, V is C, Y is N, X is N, T is C, U is C, and W is C.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the compound of formula (I) is selected from the group consisting of: (2)

wherein: R independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a —NR₁R₂ group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkoxy group, a —NO₂ group, a phenoxy group, or a (C₁-C₄)alkoxy group, R₁ and R₂ are independently a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, and R′ is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, or a (C₁-C₄)alkoxy group, (3)

wherein: R independently represents a hydrogen atom, a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group, a —NR₁R₂ group, a —COOR₁ group, a —NO₂ group, or a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group, R′ is a hydrogen atom, and R₁ and R₂ are independently a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, (5)

wherein: R is a hydrogen atom, and R′ is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, or a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group, (13)

wherein: R independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a —NO₂ group, a —CN group, or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, said alkyl being optionally mono-substituted by a hydroxyl group, and R′ is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group, and (18) pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the compound of formula (I) is selected from the group consisting of: (2)

wherein: R independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a (C₁-C₄)alkyl group, a —NR₁R₂ group, a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group, or a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkoxy group, R₁ and R₂ are independently a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, and R′ is a hydrogen atom, halogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, (3)

wherein: R independently represents a hydrogen atom, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group, a —NO₂ group, or a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group, and R′ is a hydrogen atom, (4)

wherein: R is a hydrogen atom, and R′ is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom, (5)

wherein: R independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, or a —NO₂ group, n is 1, 2, or 3, and R′ is a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group, and (6) pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
 4. The method of claim 2, wherein formula (Ib) is

wherein: n is 1, and R is a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkoxy group.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the compound of formula (I) is a compound of formula (Ie) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:

with the proviso that when R is a hydrogen atom, R′ is not a bromine atom.
 6. The method of claim 2, wherein formula (Ic) is:

wherein: R independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a —CN group, a hydroxyl group, a —COOR₁ group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group, a —NO₂ group, a —NR₁R₂ group, or a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group, R₁ and R₂ are independently a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, n is 1 or 2, n′ is 1 or 2, R′ is a hydrogen atom, a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a —NO₂ group, a —NR₁R₂ group, or a (C₁-C₃)alkoxy group, with the proviso that R and R′ are not simultaneously a hydrogen atom, and R is not a bromine atom when R′ is a hydrogen atom.
 7. A method of inhibiting replication of HIV-1 in a patient infected with HIV-1 comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a quantity effective to inhibit replication of HIV-1 at least one compound selected from the group consisting of: (8) Quinolin-2-yl-(4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-amine, (9) Pyridin-2-yl-quinolin-3-yl-amine, (10) (3-Methoxy-pyridin-2-yl)-quinolin-3-yl-amine, (11) Quinolin-3-yl-(5-trifluoromethyl-pyridin-2-yl)-amine, (12) (5-Nitro-pyridin-2-yl)-quinolin-3-yl-amine, (13) (5-Methyl-pyridin-2-yl)-quinolin-3-yl-amine, (14) 2-(Quinolin-3-ylamino)-isonicotinic acid, (75) 4-N-(8-chloroquinolin-2-yl)-1-N,1-N-dimethylbenzene-1,4-diamine, (76) N-(4-methoxyphenyl)quinolin-2-amine, (77) 8-chloro-N-(4-methoxyphenyl)quinolin-2-amine, (78) 4-methyl-N-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine, (79) N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-methylquinolin-2-amine, (80) 3-methyl-N-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine, (81) 1-N,1-N-dimethyl-4-N-(3-methylquinolin-2-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine, (82) N-[2-methyl-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine, (83) N-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine, (84) N-[2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine, (85) N-(4-nitrophenyl)quinolin-2-amine, (86) N-(3-fluorophenyl)quinolin-2-amine, (87) 8-chloro-N-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine, (88) 8-chloro-N-(3-fluorophenyl)quinolin-2-amine, (89) 2-{[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]amino}quinolin-1-ium chloride, (90) 8-chloro-N-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine, (91) 3-methyl-N-[2-methyl-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine, (92) 3-methyl-N-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine, (93) 3-methyl-N-[2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine, (94) 8-chloro-N-[2-methyl-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine, (95) 3-methyl-2-{[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]amino}quinolin-1-ium chloride, (96) 6-chloro-N-(4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)quinolin-2-amine, (97) 4-methyl-2-{[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]amino}quinolin-1-ium chloride, (98) 8-bromo-N-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine, (99) 8-fluoro-N-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine, (100) 8-methyl-N-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine, (101) N-(4-butoxyphenyl)-8-chloroquinolin-2-amine, (102) N-(4-phenoxyphenyl)quinolin-2-amine, (103) 8-methoxy-N-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine, (104) 8-chloro-N-[3-chloro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinolin-2-amine, (105) N-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinolin-3-amine, (106) N-(3-nitropyridin-2-yl)quinolin-3-amine, (109) 6-chloro-N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine, (110) 8-bromo-N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine, (111) 8-methyl-N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine, (112) 8-chloro-N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine, (113) N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine, (114) 4-methyl-N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine, (115) 3-methyl-N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine, (116) 8-fluoro-N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine, (117) 8-methoxy-N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine, (133) 6-methyl-N-(naphthalen-2-yl)pyridin-2-amine, (134) N-(naphthalen-2-yl)pyridin-2-amine, (135) N-(pyridin-2-yl)quinoxalin-2-amine, (136) N-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinoxalin-2-amine, (137) 6-(quinoxalin-2-ylamino)pyridine-3-carbonitrile, (138) N-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinoxalin-2-amine, (139) N-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)quinoxalin-2-amine, (140) N-(3,5-dichloro-4-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinoxalin-2-amine, (141) N-(4-methyl-3-nitropyridin-2-yl)quinoxalin-2-amine, (155) N-(4-butoxyphenyl)-3-methylquinolin-2-amine, (156) 4-N-(6-chloroquinolin-2-yl)-1-N,1-N-dimethylbenzene-1,4-diamine, (157) 8-chloro-N-(3-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)quinolin-2-amine, (158) N1-(8-chloroquinolin-2-yl)-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzene-1,2-diamine, (159) N-(3-aminopyridin-2-yl)quinolin-3-amine, (160) 6-chloro-N-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinoxalin-2-amine, (161) N-(4-ethylpyridin-2-yl)quinoxalin-2-amine, (162) N-(5-bromo-4-methylpyridin-2-yl)quinoxalin-2-amine, (163) N-(4,6-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)quinoxalin-2-amine, (164) [2-(quinoxalin-2-ylamino)pyridin-4-yl]methanol, (165) N-(4-methyl-5-nitropyridin-2-yl)quinoxalin-2-amine, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of the compounds (8), (10)-(14), (75), (77)-(84), (86)-(104), (105), (106), (109)-(117), (135)-(141), (155)-(157), (158), (159)-(165), and pharmaceutically acceptable hydrobromide, tartrate, citrate, trifluoroacetate, ascorbate, hydrochloride, tartrate, triflate, maleate, mesylate, formate, acetate, and fumarate salts thereof.
 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the compound is administered in a pharmaceutical composition.
 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the compound is administered in a pharmaceutical composition.
 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the individual is a patient having HIV or AIDS.
 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the compound is orally administered to the patient.
 13. The method of claim 7, wherein the individual is a patient having HIV or AIDS.
 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the compound is orally administered to the patient.
 15. A compound selected from the group consisting of: (1)

wherein: R independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a —CN group, a hydroxyl group, a —COOR₁ group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkoxy group, a —NO₂ group, a —NR₁R₂ group, a (C₁-C₄)alkoxy group, a phenoxy group, or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, said alkyl group being optionally mono-substituted by a hydroxyl group, R₁ and R₂ are independently a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, n is 1, 2, or 3, n′ is 1 or 2, R′ is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group, a hydroxyl group, a —COOR₁ group, a —NO₂ group, a —NR₁R₂ group, a morpholinyl or a morpholino group, a N-methylpiperazinyl group, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkyl group, a (C₁-C₄)alkoxy group, or a —CN group, and R″ is a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₄)alkyl group, with the proviso that when R is a hydrogen atom, R′ is not a bromine atom; and (3) pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
 16. A compound selected from the group consisting of: (109) 6-chloro-N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine, (110) 8-bromo-N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine, (111) 8-methyl-N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine, (112) 8-chloro-N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine, (113) N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine, (114) 4-methyl-N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine, (115) 3-methyl-N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine, (116) 8-fluoro-N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine, (117) 8-methoxy-N-(pyrazin-2-yl)quinolin-2-amine, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, selected from hydrobromide, tartrate, citrate, trifluoroacetate, ascorbate, hydrochloride, tartrate, triflate, maleate, mesylate, formate, acetate, and fumarate salts.
 17. A method of inhibiting replication of HIV-1 in a patient infected with HIV-1 comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an effective quantity of at least one compound of formula (Ij) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to thereby inhibit replication of HIV-1:

wherein: R independently represents a hydrogen atom, a (C₁-C₃)fluoroalkoxy group, or a (C₁-C₃)alkyl group; R′ is a hydrogen atom; R″ is a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₄)alkyl group; n is 1, 2, or 3; and n′ is 1 or
 2. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of: (124) N-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinoxalin-2-amine, (125) N-[2-methyl-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinoxalin-2-amine, (126) N-[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinoxalin-2-amine, (127) N-[2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]quinoxalin-2-amine, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. 